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Timeline of the Karbala

Year 60/680

Date	Event
Rajab 15 (April 24)	The death of ameer Mu’awiya
Rajab 28 (Sunday eve) (May 7)	Imam al-Husayn (a) left Medina
Sha’ban 3 (Jum’a eve) (May 12)	Imam al-Husayn (a) entered Mecca
Ramadan 10 (June 17)	Imam al-Husayn (a) received the letters of people of Kufa from ‘Abd Allah b. Misma’ Hamdani and ‘Abd Allah b. Wal
Ramadan 12 (June 19)	Imam al-Husayn (a) received 150 letters of people of Kufa from Qays b. Mushir al-Saydawi, ‘Abd al-Rahman b. ‘Abd Allah al-Arhabi and ‘Umarat b. ‘Abd Allah al-Saluli
Ramadan 14 (June 21)	Imam al-Husayn (a) received the letters of elites and people of Kufa from Hani b. Hani al-Sabi’i and Sa’id b. ‘Abd Allah al-Hanafi
Ramadan 15 (June 22)	Muslim b. ‘Aqil left Mecca toward Kufa by Imam’s order
Shawwal 5 (July 12)	Muslim b. ‘Aqil entered Kufa
Dhu l-Hijja 8(Tuesday) (September 12)	Imam al-Husayn (a) left Mecca
Dhu l-Hijja 8(September 12)	Muslim b. ‘Aqil’s uprising in Kufa
Dhu l-Hijja 9(September 13)	Martyrdom of Muslim b. ‘Aqil

Year 61/680

Date	Event
Muharram 2(October 5)	Imam al-Husayn (a) entered Karbala.
Muharram 3(October 6)	‘Umar b. Sa’d entered Karbala commanding an army of 4 thousand.
Muharram 6(October 9)	Habib b. Mazahir failed to convince the tribe of Banu Asad to help Imam al-Husayn (a).
Muharram 7(October 10)	Imam al-Husayn (a) was denied access to water.
Muharram 9(October 12)	The day of Tasu’a. Shimr b. Dhi l-Jawshan entered Karbala.
Muharram 9(October 12)	‘Umar b. Sa’d wanted to launch the attack against Imam al-Husayn (a) but Imam al-Husayn asked for respite.
Muharram 10(October 13)	The day of ‘Ashura’. The event of ‘Ashura’ took place. Imam al-Husayn (a), his family and companions were martyred.
Muharram 11(October 14)	Captives of Karbala (Imam al-Husayn’s (a) progeny) were moved toward Kufa.
Muharram 11(October 14)	Martyrs of Karbala were buried by Banu Asad.
Safar 1(November 3)	Imam al-Husayn’s (a) progeny and Imam al-Husayn’s (a) head entered Damascus.
Safar 20(November 22)	Imam al-Husayn’s (a) progeny went back to KarbalaImam al-Husayn’s (a) progeny returned form Damascus to Medina

After Waqia of Karbala

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Aulad-e- Hazrat Abu Talib

1 Hazrat Imam Hussain (A.S)
2 Hazrat Abbas Bin Ali (A.S)
3 Hazrat Ali Akber Bin Hussain (A.S)
4 Hazrat Ali Asghar Bin Hussain (A.S)
5 Hazrat Abdullah Bin Ali (A.S)
6 Hazrat Jafer Bin Ali (A.S)
7 Hazrat Usman Bin Ali (A.S)
8 Hazrat Abu Baker Bin Ali (A.S)
9 Hazrat Abu Baker Bin Hasan Bin Ali (A.S)
10 Hazrat Qasim Bin Hasan Bin Ali(A.S)
11 Hazrat Abdullah Bin Hassan (A.S)
12 Hazrat Aun bin Abdullah Bin Jafer (A.S)
13 Hazrat Mohammad Bin Abdullah bin Jafer (A.S)
14 Hazrat Abdullah Bin Muslim Bin Aqeel (A.S)
15 Hazrat Mohammad Bin Muslim (A.S)
16 Hazrat Mohammad Bin Saeed bin Aqeel (A.S)
17 Hazrat Abdul Rehman Bin Aqeel (A.S)
18 Hazrat Jafer Bin Aqeel (A.S)

Bani Asad
19 Hazrat Uns Bin Hars Asadi
20 Hazrat Habib Bin Mazahir Asadi
21 Hazrat Muslim Bin Ausaja Asadi
22 Hazrat Qais Bin Masher Asadi
23 Hazrat Abu Samama Umru Bin Abdullah
24 Hazrat Boreer Hamdani
25 Hazrat Hanala Bin Asad
26 Hazrat Abis Shakri
27 Hazrat Abdul Rehman Rahbi
28 Hazrat Saif Bin Hars
29 Hazrat Amer Bin Abdullah Hamdani

Jahbi
30 Hazrat Junada Bin Hars
31 Hazrat Majma Bin Abdullah
32 Hazrat Nafey Bin Halal
33 Hazrat Hajjaj Bin Masrooq, Moazzin of Kafla-e-Karbala

Ansari
34 Hazrat Umer Bin Qarza
35 Hazrat Abdul Rehman Bin Abd-e-Rub
36 Hazrat Junada Bin Kab
37 Hazrat Amer Bin Janada
38 Hazrat Naeem Bin Ajlan
39 Hazrat Saad Bin Hars

Bijli & Khas-ami
40 Hazrat Zuhair Bin Qain
41 Hazrat Salman Bin Mazarib
42 Hazrat Saeed Bin Umer
43 Hazrat Abdullah Bin Basheer

Kandi & Ghaffari
44 Hazrat Yazid Bin Zaid Kandi
45 Hazrat Harb Bin Umr-ul-Qais
46 Hazrat Zaheer Bin Amer
47 Hazrat Basheer Bin Amer
48 Hazrat Abdullah Arwah Gahffari
49 Hazrat Jhon, Ghulam Abu Zar Ghaffari

Qalbi
50 Hazrat Abdullah Bin Ameer
51 Hazrat Abdul Aala Bin Yazeed
52 Hazrat Saleem Bin Ameer

Azdi
53 Hazrat Qasim Bin Habib
54 Hazrat Zaid Bin Saleem
55 Hazrat Noman Bin Umer

Abdi
56 Hazrat Yazeed Bin Sabeet
57 Hazrat Amir Bin Muslim
58 Hazrat Saif Bin Malik

Tameemi & Tai
59 Hazrat Jabir Bin Hajjaji
60 Hazrat Masood Bin Hajjaji
61 Hazrat Abdul Rehman Bin Masood
62 Hazrat Baker Bin Haee
63 Hazrat Ammar Bin Hassan Tai

Taghleebi
64 Hazrat Zurghama Bin Malik
65 Hazrat Kanana Bin Ateeq

Jahani & Tameemi
66 Hazrat Aqaba Bin Sult
67 Hazrat Hur Bin Yazeed Tameemi
68 Hazrat Aqaba Bin Sult

Miscellaneous Martyrs
69 Hazrat Habala Bin Ali Sheebani
70 Hazrat Qanab Bin Umer
71 Hazrat Abdullah Bin yaqter
72 Hazrat Ghulam-e-Turki, Ghulam of Imam-e-Sajjad (A.S)

Names of Shohada-e-karbala(sa)

1. Abu-Bakr ibne Ali ibne Abi Taleb
He was called ‘Muhammad-e-Azghar’ or Abdullah from Laila daughter of Masu’ud, son of Hanzala, son of Manath, son of Tameem.

2. Abi Bakr
Son of the Second Imam Hassan, son of Ali.

3. Abdul Hatoof Ansari
Accompanied by his brother

4. Sa’ad
Both sons of Hur. Both from Kufa who joined the Holy Imam at Kerbala.

5. Adhan
Son of Omayya-al Abdi. From Basra son of Abi Obaida, whose father had been the companion of the Holy Prophet.

6. Aslam
The slave who was purchased and liberated by the Holy Imam- was the scribe engaged to write communications from the Holy Imam.

7. Anas bin Hars-e-Kahili
Son of Baniah, son of Kahli who was one of the companions of the Holy Prophet

8. Borair Zibe Khozair-e- Hamdani –
A very old, pious, and devoted companion of Amirul-Momineen, Ali ibne Abi Taleb, one of the prominent noblemen of Kufa. He was the one who came to the Holy Imam begging most humbly to permit him to get martyred for he wanted to die in the way of the Lord and show his face to the Holy Prophet on the Day of Judgment.

9. Omayyabib Sa’d at Tale
He was one of the companions of Amirul-Momineen.

10. Bushr bin Amrual Hazrami
From the famous ones among the faithful ones among the faithful devotees of the Holy Prophet.

11. Bakr bib Hai at Taimi
Of the Bani Taimi tribe who came to the Holy Imam and volunteered to be martyred in the way of the Lord.

12. Jabib ibne Hajjaj al Taimi
He was the follower of Muslim-bin-Aqeel in Kufa. Since Muslim was arrested, he hid himself until Husayn arrived in Kerbala, and submitted himself until Husayn arrived in Kerbala, and submitted himself to the Holy Imam.

13. Jibilath ibne Ali-e-Shaibani
The one who was attending to Amirul-Momineen in the battle of Siffin.

14. Jafar ibne Aqeel ibne Abi Taleb
The third brother of Abbas the Standard Bearer of the Holy Imam.

15. Jafar ibne Aqeel ibne Abi Taleb
Brother of Muslim ibne Aqeel the Deputy of the Holy Imam to Kufa.

16. Jinadat ibne Ka’b Ansari Al-Khazraji
Along with his son-martyred at Kerbala- one of the greatest devotees of the Holy Imam.

17. Jundab bin Mujee al Khaulani
One of the companions of Ameerul-Momineen who came to the Holy Imam, fell down on his feet and prayed to be permitted to be martyred.

18. Jaun
The liberated slave of Abi-Zar, joined the Second Holy Imam and thereafter he remained with Husayn and had come to Kerbala with Husayn. He was trained under Abi-Zar and was a very pious devotee of the Holy Imam.

19. Jaun bin Malike Tameemi
Of the tribe of Bani Tameem. One who was in Yazid’s army. Seeing the Devil’s forces decision to attack the Holy Imam, which he never thought would happen, left the ranks of the Devil’s forces and joined the Holy Imam.

20. Hars
The liberated slave of hazrat Hamza, the uncle of the Holy Prophet-had come from Madina along with Husayn.

21. Habshi bin Qais-e-Nahmi
Of a group from the tribe of Hamdan. His grandfather was one of the faithful companions of the Holy Prophet.

22. Hars bin Amarul Qais-e-Kandi
A very brave nobleman of Arabia. He went into the armies of the Devil, and found his own uncle there. His uncle asked him “Have you come to kill your uncle?” He replied Yes! you are my uncle, no doubt, but God is my Lord and you have come here against him.” He killed his uncle. Along with him three others from the enemy’s ranks joined the Holy Imam. All were martyred.

23. Habib bin Amir-e-Taimi
One who had already paid allegiance to the Holy Imam at the hands of Muslim, was martyred in Kufa. Habib left Kufa and joined the Holy Imam on his way to Kerbala.

24. Habib bin Muzahir al-Asadi
He was known as Habib ibne Mazahir bin Re’aab bin Al-Ashtar from the lineage of Asad Abdul Qasim Al-Asadi – aged 70 years. He was one of the faithful companions of the Holy Prophet, who after the Holy Prophet always remained with Ameerul-Momineen Ali and migrated toe Kufa when the Capital was shifted from Madina to Kufa, and accompanied Ali in all battles he fought against the rebels and traitors. His ideal faithfulness and sincere devotion to he Holy Imam has many glorious details.

25. Hajjaji bin Masrooq al-Jaufi
One of the faithful companions of Ameerul-Momineen Ali in Kufa.

26. Hajjaji bin Badr as S’di
Of Basra from the tribe Bani Sa’d, famous nobleman in Kufa. He was the one who carried the communications of the Holy Imam to the pious ones of the devotees of the House of the Holy Prophet in Kufa.

27. Hur ibne Yazdi ar Riyah
He was the son of Yazid ibne Najiyah bin Qa’nab bin Yitab bin Hur in the lineage of Al’Tarbo’ir Riyahi. A famous nobleman of Kufa, and experienced warrior specially selected by Ibne Ziad to command a contingent against Husayn. He was the one who obstructed Husayn’s way near Kufa, but he never believed that the venture of Ibne Ziad was to end in the martyrdom of the Holy Imam. When at Kerbala he found that the decision was to martyr the Holy Imam, Hur left the Devil’s forces and joined the Holy Imam, seeking pardon for his previous conduct. The Holy Imam received him with special grace. Hur was among the foremost martyrs in the way of God.

28. Hallas bin Amro’ ar Rasibi
He was the son of Amru ar Rasibi who was one of the faithful companions of Ameerul-Momineen Ali.

29. Hanzala bin As’adus-Shabami
He was the one who carried the message of exhortation from the Holy Imam to ibne Sa’d in Kerbala.

30. Rafe’ -the liberated slave of Muslim Azdi
He came from Kufa and volunteered to be martyred in the way of the Lord.

31. Zavir bin Amro al Kandi
A sincere devotee of the Ahlu Bait and a devoted companion of the Holy Imam. He was a noble personality very much revered and respected by the people.

32. Zohair al Qaine Bijilly
He was a noble chieftain of his tribe, a man of great influence in Kufa. In the beginning he was attached to the Third Caliph Othman. Once returning from Haj he met the Holy Imam and became a staunch devotee of Husayn. He is the one who bade goodbye to his wife Dalham daughter of Amru, liberating her with a divorce to go to her relatives, and he joined the Holy Imam.

33. Ziad bin Areeb al Sa’idi
Son of Areeb one of the faithful companions of the Holy Prophet. A very pious and brave noble personality enjoying the trust and the confidence of the people. 34.

34. Salim the liberated slave of Amire Abdi
A staunch devotee of Amirul-Momineen Ali, from Basra.

35. Salim the liberated slave of Bani Madinatul Kalbi
Of the tribe Kalb one of the devotees of Amirul-Momineen Ali in Kufa.

36. Sa’d bin Hars and Abul hatoof bin Harse Ansari
These twin brothers had come from Kufa employed in the forces of the Devil to fight Husayn. Later they left the ranks of the Devil’s forces and joined the Holy Imam and got martyred.

37. Sa’d the liberated slave of Amirul-Momineen Ali
After the martyrdom of Amirul-Momineen, he remained attached to Imam Hassan and later after the martyrdom of Imam Hassan, he remained devoted to Husayn.

38. Sa’d – the liberated slave of Amro bin Khalid
He volunteered to be martyred for the Truth. A noble personality with a high degree of fidelity and valance.

39. Sayeed bin Abdullah Hanafi
A noble and very influential personality in Kufa uniquely brave. He was the gentleman who carried Muslim’s letter form Kufa to Husayn and remained with the Holy Imam until he was martyred. He was the man who, while the Holy Imam offered his prayers in the field of action (Kerbala) stood in front of the Holy Imam and received the arrows from the Devil’s forces, on his breast, and protecting the Imam in prayers.

40. Salman bin Mazarib bin Qais al Anmari al Bijilli
A cousin of Zohair al Qain. He went to Mecca with Zohair and when on his return form Mecca Zohair decided to join the Holy Imam, he accompanied him and got martyred at Kerbala. A man of very noble conduct and character endowed with strong will and prowess. A very pious personality fearing none but God.

41. Suleiman bin Razeen-A liberated slave of the Holy Imam
A truthful and a very reliable gentlemen. A staunch devotee of the Holy Imam. He carried Husayn’s letters to the devotees of the Ahlul-Bait in Basra. Ibne Ziad, the Devil’s governor of Basra caught him and this faithful servant of the Holy Imam became a martyr.

42. Sawar bin Manyim-e-Nahmi
A highly respected noble veteran of Iraq, travelled all the way to Kerbala to join the Holy Imam to get martyred with him.

43. Suwaid bin Amro bin Abil Mataa al Anmari al Khash’mi
A noble, highly respected, God-fearing and a brave personality. He fought and fell seriously wounded, and was lying unconscious, the enemy thinking him dead had left him but when he returned to consciousness and heard the rejoicing of the Devil’s forces shouting that the Holy Imam had been killed, he got up, and fought, and was martyred.

44. Saif bin Hars al Jabiri and Malik
These two cousins from Kufa joined the Holy Imam.

45. Saif bin Malid al Abdi a Basri
A leading devotee of the Holy Ahlul-Bait.

46. Shabeeb a liberated slave of Hars-e-Jabiri-e-Hamadani
A very brave man who got martyred in the very first attack from the enemy.

47. Shaneb-e-Shakiri
Well-known in Kufa for his nobility of character, courage, and a revered noble veteran of the town.

48. Zarghaman abin Milik-e-Taghlabi
A lion-hearted, brave who was faithful to Muslim bin Aqeel in Kufa. After Muslim’s martyrdom, he joined the Holy Imam.

49. Aaiz bin Majama’al Aazi
One of those six, who along with Hur ibne Yazid-e-Riyahi had joined the Holy Imam.

50. Aabis ibne Abi Shabeeb-e-Shakiri
One of the most pious devotees of Amirul-Momineen, and one of the noblemaen of Kufa. He was one of those who helped Muslim ibne Aqeel in Kufa.

51. Amir bin Muslim at Badi Basri
With his liberated slave Salim, both the devotees of Amirul-Momineen in Basra, joined the Holy Imam.

52. Abbas Ibne Ali ibne Abi Taleb, Qamare Bani Hashim
This is the great son of the First Holy Imam Ali ibne Abi Taleb, from the noble lady Hazrat Ummul-Baeen, who was brought into this world to fulfill the desire of Amirul-Momineen to have his own representative, on his behalf to be martyred with Husayn in Kerbala. Abbas is well-known to the Muslim World for the unique divine qualities he was endowed with.

This great lion-hearted son of the Lion of God in his qualities and position in Kerbala, is next only to the Holy Imam Husayn.

The ‘Alam’ or the Banner which he held on behalf of the Holy Imam, was the Standard of Islam or the Truth, which is hoisted by the Shias, popularly during the mourning season of Muharram, and is revered as do the faithful subjects of good Kings as a token of their loyalty to him. The Banner being the Standard of Truth is only revered and respected and never worshipped as wrongly imagined and depicted by some ignorant ones. Worship in Islam is due to none but the One, the Only True God.

53. Abdullah ibne Husayn, known as Ali-e-Asghar
The 6-month old baby son of the Holy Imam, martyred in the very lap of his father whose martyrdom no human heart can bear without shedding tears.

54. Abdullah bin Hassan ibne Ali
The son of the Second Holy Imam Hassan, a young boy who ran out of the tent to save Husayn when he was being martyred, and was martyred before the Holy Imam.

55. Abdullah bin Bushr Khash’ami tribe.
A well known noble personality in Kufa. He came out of Kufa with ibne Sa’d but joined the Holy Imam.

56. Abduallah bin Omair Kalbi
He had come to Kufa from Madina, and joined the Holy Imam. His wife also accompanied him to serve the Holy ladies. When Abdullah was martyred, his wife sitting at the dead body of her husband said “O Abdullah Thou hath entered Paradise, take me along with thee.” The good lady had not finished her lamentations when a slave of Shimar delivered a blow on her head with an axe and she was martyred.

57. Abdul Rahman and Abdullah sons of Orawah bin Harraq al Ghaffari
These two brothers were noblemen of Kufa. Their grandfather Harraq, was one of the faithful companions of Ameerul-Momineen. They came to the Holy Imam and joined the noble cause.

58. Abdullah bin Muslim bin Aqeel
Son of Muslim bin Aqeel ibne Abi Taleb. His mother was Roqiah, daughter of Ali through his wife Sahba, from Yamamah was martyred when he went to save the Holy Imam.

59. Abdullah bin Yaqtar-e-Himyart
He was the son of the good lady who had served the Holy Imam as his nurse in his babyhood.

60. Abde Qais Basri-e-Abdi
Along with Abdullah bin Zaid-e-Abdi. Obaidullah bin Zaide Abdi, Yazid bin sabeet al Abdi.

These great men well-known and highly respected ones of their tribe came and requested the Imam to permit them to drink the cup of martyrdom along with him.

61. Abdul A’la bin Yazeed al Kalbi al Aleemi
The famous and respected nobleman from Kufa.

62. Abdul Rahman bin Abdul Rab-e-Ansar Khazrji
One of the faithful companions of the Holy Prophet and a Traditionist and a faithful devotee of Ameerul-Momineen.

63. Abdul Rahman bin Aqeel ibne Abi Taleb.
Son of Aqeel from his wife Omme Walad

64. Abdul Rahman-e-Arhabi
One of those who carried the letters of the devotees to the Holy Imam.

65. Abdul Rahman bin Mas’ood at Taimi
Came out of Kufa along with Ibne Sa’d but later joined the Holy Imam.

66. Othman bin Ali ibne Abi Taleb
One of the brothers of Hazrate Abbas, the third son of Ommul Baneen. Joined the Holy Imam on his way to Kerbala.

67. Omar bin Janada-e-Ansari
This is the son of the godly lady who came to the Holy Imam and implored for his permission for her son Omar to be martyred and somehow succeeded in getting it.

68. Ali -e-Akbar son of the Holy Imam
The 18-year old son of the Holy Imam who resembled the Holy Prophet the most, was martyred by a lance pierced through his breast

69. Omer bin Zabi’ah Az Zabiyee
Son of Zabiya at Taimi. Came out of Kufa with Ibne Sa’d but later joined the Holy Imam and was martyred.

70. Amro bin Khalid-e- Saidavi and three others
When these four person marched towards the camp of the Holy Imam, Hur asked the Holy Imam for permission to stop them from getting near the camp for they were coming from the enemy’s ranks. The Holy Imam miraculously said “Oh struck them not, they are coming to me with a good hears. They are my devotees.”

71. Amru bin Abdullah-e-Jundayi
Of the tribe of Hamden.

72. Arm bin Quart al Ansari
One of the faithful companions of the Holy Prophet and also of Amirul-Momineen.

73. Amru bin Ha’b Abu Thamama al Sa’idi
One of the faithful devotees and companions of Amirul-Momineen.

74. Amru bin Hassan Talee
One of the staunch devotees of the Ahlul-Bait.

75. Ammara ibne Salama al Daaalani
One of the companions of Amirul-Momineen.

76. Aun and Muhammad sons of Jafar-e-Tayyar
Two sons of Hazrat Zainab the sister of the Holy Imam. Aun was her own son and Muhammad was from the deceased wife (Khausa), of her husband Abdullah bin Jaffar Tayyar. These two were only young boys of about nine and ten years of age. The Holy Lady Zainab, the daughter of Amirul-Momineen and Lady Fatimah, brought these two young boys and implored her brother, the Holy Imam, to permit them to free the enemy. At the persistent implorings from his sister the Holy Imam permitted, and these two young souls were martyred before the very eyes of their mother. This godly daughter of Ali and Fatima, the grand daughter of the Holy Prophet, stood quietly at the dead bodies of her children and said “I will not lament for you have gone in the way of the Lord.” The whole camp wept but Zainab stopped them from crying, saying “Let no my brother feel that I am sorry for losing them in the way of the Lord. Today I am pleased with my children.”

77. Qarib
The son of a liberated slave girl of Husayn This lady, after having been liberated by the holy Imam, was married to a gentlemen and brought her son Qarib and presented him to the Holy Imam and Qarib was brought up by the Holy Imam. He was martyred along with the other devotees, offering himself in the way of the Lord.

78. Qasim bin Hassan bin Ali
Son of the Second Holy Imam.

79. Qasim
A well-known noble of Kufa.

80. Qasith, Kardoos, Musqit-Sons of Zohair al Taghlabi
These three brothers were the devoted companions of Amirul Momineen who were with him in all his expeditions against the infidels and traitors. They came form Kufa and offered themselves for noble cause and achieve martyrdom.

81. Qan’ab an Namri
One of the devotees of Amirul-Momineen who came for Basra

82. Qais bin Mushir as Saidavi
A very pious personality from a group of the Asadi tribe, extra-ordinarily brave, faithful and one of the sincere and faithful companions of the Holy Prophet. He reported himself to the Holy Imam, from Kufa, and was martyred.

83. Kannah at Taghlabi

A very noble personality known for his piety in Kufa. A good reciter of the Holy Qu’ran and a very brave, God fearing, influential and powerful noble of Kufa. 84.

84. Majma’ul Jahni
Son of Zian bin Omar Jahni, one of the aged companions of the Holy Imam. When people began deserting the Holy Imam on the night of Ashura, this old devotee of the Holy Imam remained and achieved martyrdom.

85. Muslim bin Aqeel

The Deputy of the Holy Imam to Kufa, where he was martyred.

86. Muslim Ibne Ausaja al Asadi
One of the faithful companions of the Holy Prophet. An aged veteran who had earned a glorious name and fame for his valor and prowess in the expeditions against the infidels. On the night of Ashoora when the Holy Imam told his companions to find their own ways and save themselves from the wholescale massacre of his supporters which was in store for them the following day, Muslim addressing the Holy Imam said “O son of the Holy Prophet! Where am I to go before myself getting martyred here”?

Muslim was one of the most prominent supporters of the Holy Imam in Kerbala, and was martyred there.

87. Muslim bin Katheer al A’waj al Azdi
One of the devotees of Amirul-Momineen in Kufa.

88. Mas’ood bin Hajjaj Taimy and his son Abdur Rahman bin Mas’ood
The devotees of Amirul-Momineen from Kufa. These two were known for their piety and righteousness.

89. Muhammad bin Abdullah ibne Jafar
A young son of Abdullah son of Hazrat Jafar-e-Tayyar, his mother was Khausa, daughter of Hafsa bin Rabi’a.

90. Muhammad bin Muslim Aqeel
One of the two young sons of Muslim bin Aqeel the Deputy of the Holy Imam who was martyred in Kufa.

91. Muhammad bin Muslim bin Aqeel
The grandson of Muslim bin Aqeel the Deputy of the Holy Imam to Kufa.

92. Munjeh–the liberated slave of the Second Holy Imam Hassan
He accompanied Qasim bin Hasan from Medina.

93. Mauq’ bin Thamamah Asadi Saidavi Abu Musa
One of the devotees of the Ahlul Bait in Kufa who escaped from the town at night and joined the Holy Imam at Kerbala.

94. Nafe’ bin Hilale Jamali
A companion of Ameerul-Momineen. Reciter of the Holy Qu’ran and Traditionalist. A noble personality known in Kufa for his piety, who escaped from Kufa and joined the Holy Imam in Kerbala. A great devotee of Holy Imam who always remained by the side of Abbas the Standard Bearer of Husayn. He could not bear the least disregard for the Holy Imam, from anyone in the Devil’s forces.

95. Nasr bin Naizar
A liberated slave of Amirul-Momineen (The Leader of the faithful). He was presented to the Holy Prophet by the King of Persia and the Holy Prophet presented him to Amirul-Momineen, who freed him. He came to Kerbala.

96. Wazeh the Turk
The Turkish liberated slave of Harse Madhaji. A pious gentlemen, a good reciter of the Holy Qu’ran, who came to Kerbala, and presented himself to the Holy Imam

97. Hani bin Orwah
Martyred at Kufa with Muslim ibne Aqeel.

98. Yazid bin Ziad bin Mohasir-e-Kandi-Behdile Abush-Sha’sa
One of the nobles in Kufa. A staunch devotee of Ahlul-Bait. A very pious personality who joined Husayn from Kufa.

99. Yazid bin Maghfal Ja’fi
A very pious devotee of Ameerul Momineen. A learned poet. His father and grandfather were faithful companions of the Holy Prophet. (s.a.w.a.s.).

The oldest painting about battle of Karbala

DIFFERENT NAMES OF KARBALA

Karbala is located 105 kilometers far from the southwest of the capital city of Baghdad on the desert shore of the western part of Furat. It was named as Karbala after the Waqiya e Karbala. Before that had happened, one of the names of the city was Taf, Al-Kirbah, which means softness, considering the softness of land. Nainawah, some also said the word is a Persian origin formed from two words which are, (Kaar) means work and (Bolo) means the higher, thus the meaning of the both words is (the higher work).

HADITHS ABOUT LAND OF KARBALA

Karbala is an extremely ancient city. Two of the famous and renowned hadiths are quoted below:

i. Hafiz Ibn Katheer writes that one day, an angel came and sat down by the Prophet (PBUH). Our Prophet (PBUH) said to Umme Salma (the wife of the Prophet and the mothers of the believers), “We have a guest, do not let anyone enter as we are having a conversation.” In the meantime, Imam Hussain, who at the time was very young, entered the room, and as children do, Imam Hussain climbed on top of our Prophet’s shoulder. The angel said “Do you love him”; Our Prophet replied “Yes”. The angel then said “Your followers will at a later time martyr him. If you wish I can show you where he will be martyred”. Our Prophet (PBUH) said he would like to see where his grandson would be martyred. The angel then waved his hand and brought some red soil and said, “This is the place where he will be martyred”. Our Prophet took some soil from his hand and gave it to Umme Salma. She put the soil in a bottle.

ii. While passing through the land of Siffeen (during the battle of Siffeen) Hazrat Ali (a.s.) paused at the land of Karbala. He asked Ibne Abbas loudly, ‘O
Ibne Abbas, are you aware of this land?’ Ibne Abbas confessed, ‘I am not aware of it.’ Hazrat Ali (a.s.) declared, ‘If you had been informed about it, even you would have wept like me.’ After this, Hazrat Ali (a.s.) wept intensely, till his tears soaked his beard. Then he informed, ‘Over here (in Karbala) they shall dismount. Here they shall pitch their tents. Here their blood shall be spilled. A group of youths from the progeny of the Prophet (PBUH) shall be massacred. Hazrat Jibraeel (a.s.) has shown me the dust of this place.’

(Mojamul Kabeer – Tabaraani, vol. 3 p. 115, tradition 2, 819 from Asraare Shohada, vol. 1 p. 270 – New Edition)

CONSTRUCTION OF TOMBS

BeFunky Collage

In 61 Hijri, after the martyrdom of Imam Hussain a.s, the people of Bani Asadis came forward and buried the holy corpse of Imam Hussain a.s and his companions. After its first construction bit by bit, all the graves had been rebuilt by the governing rulers. Al Muntasir, Sulaiman Al Qanuni, Syed Tabatabai and Shah Ismail Safawi were the contributors. And the last construction of all the tombs was done by Mid’hat Basha in 1914.

With every glimpse, every mourner is feeling more close to the real peace. But if one will see the holy places of Karbala with insightful visions, they must be blessed with the eternal peace.

Karbala The Everlasting Stand

“The tyrant dies and his rule ends, the martyr dies and his rule begins.” — Soren Kierkegard

The straight path or the right path is always the most difficult one to travel but one that rewards the most, and so we are told when young. This battle of good versus the evil is an age old phenomenon.

“Think not of those who are slain in Allah’s way as dead. Nay, they live, finding their sustenance in the presence of their Lord.”—Surah Aal-e-Imran (Chapter 3), Verse 169

The tragedy of Karbala took place some 49 years after the wisal of Prophet Mohammad [PBUH] in 61 Hijri (AD 680).

The Events Leading Up To Karbala

The Muslim Caliphate briefly came to Imam Hasan (elder grandson of the Prophet [PBUH]) after the martydom of Ali bin Abi Talib (son-in-law of the Prophet [PBUH] and the Fourth Caliph of Islam). Sensing a possible split in the Muslim empire Hasan entered into a peace treaty with Amir Mu’awiyah, the son of Abu Sufyan and father of Yazid.

“Hasan agreed to relinquish all authority to Mu’awiyah in exchange for an agreement not to harm any of the supporters of Ali, and to govern by the book of God and the examples of the Prophet. This he would do by letter and by word, explaining to the congregation in the Kufa mosque that he had ceded his right to rule ‘for the best interest of the community and for the sake of sparing blood’. Mu’awiyah acknowledged that ‘the reign would belong to Hasan after him’ (though this would soon be quietly forgotten) and that to avoid all future strife the next Caliph was to be decided by a formal council.”

—The Heirs of the Prophet Muhammad and the roots of the Sunni-Shia Schism, Barnaby Rogerson

All the first four Caliphs had first been acclaimed by the people of Medina but this right and duty had now been brushed aside in favour of the courtiers at Damascus. The solemn pledge to hold a ’shura’ was broken. None of the previous Caliphs had thought to impose their own sons on the community, and had looked beyond the narrow loyalties of a family, towards their brother in faith. When Mu’awiyah died, Yazid was acclaimed as the Caliph. It marked the decisive emergence of dynastic monarchy triumphing over the religion of God.

The moment Yazid came to power he started demanding the oath of allegiance (bay’ah) from everyone using unfair means. Paying allegiance was an old Arab practice which was carried out in important matters such as that of rulership and authority. Those who were ruled, and specially the well known among them, would give their hand in allegiance, agreement and obedience to their king or the one in authority and in this way would show their whole-hearted support for his actions without any opposition to him. The approach of Yazid was proof enough of the kind of Muslim he was. He showed complete disregard for the tenets of Islam.

*Ibne Aseer (A renowned historian Allamah Ali bin Abil Karam more famous as Ibne Aseer Jazari) in his Tareekhe Kamil has this to say for Yazid, “Yazid was notorious and well known for his love of numerous musical instruments, passion for hunting and play with young boys, dogs, monkeys, etc. Every morning he rose still drunk. His monkeys and young boys wore gold caps. If a monkey died, he spent a considerable time in mourning it.”

“Traditions inform us that Yazeed loved worldly vices, would drink, listen to music, kept the company of boys with no facial hair, played drums, kept dogs, making frogs, bears and monkeys fight. Every morning he used be intoxicated and use to bind monkey with the saddle of a horse and make the horse run.”

—Al Bidayah Wal Nihayah, Ibn Kathir

Yazid’s message was delivered to Imam Husain as well but he said a firm no. Acknowledging Yazid’s authority by the Prophet’s [PBUH] grandson at this point would have meant confirmation of his evil deeds and Caliphate. For Yazid, Husain’s seal of approval was the one most needed.

*Abul Hasan Ali bin Husain Mas’oodi in his Muroojuz Zahab wa ma’adinul Jawahir reported, “Whoever accepted the slavery of Yazid by swearing fealty at his hands was spared, otherwise he was subjugated. Thus the meaning of allegiance to Yazid was not merely the acceptance of a new caliph, but it meant to sell one’s Religion and faith in slavery to a tyrant.”

The Kufans urged Husain in Medina to ride north and lead them against the usurpation of the Islamic world by Yazid, and to reclaim his rightful place as the head of the Muslim nation. Husain, encouraged by the chief men of Medina, decided to respond and rode out of the oasis to assume the leadership of the true army of Islam. But not a soul left the garrison city to join him on the desert trail. The Kufans too would betray him! When Husain settled at a land devoid of water or vegetation named Karbala (‘Karb’ in Arabic means grief and ‘bala’ is for trials) he had just 72 loyal soldiers with him.

Battle For Truth

The battle of Karbala finds great similarity with the one at Badr – Islam’s first battle. It was the holy Prophet [PBUH] at Badr who fought with 313 die-hard supporters against a formidable army of some 1000 men. That day against all odds the small group won a decisive victory, and paved the way for a future Muslim empire. 56 years later it was his grandson with just 72 loyal men, who fought against an impossible opposition of several thousands to save Islam from the clutches of tyranny.

Karbala was a battle of truth against falsehood, humanity against villainy, righteousness against evil, justice against corruption. The much loved grandson of the Prophet [PBUH] stood in the scorching heat of Karbala along with his companions, devoid of water but determined. His loved ones, including his six month old son, fell martyr one after the other. In spite of this he repeatedly invited the other party towards righteousness and forbade them from evil and immorality, but it all fell on deaf ears. When the time arrived for him to march ahead all alone, he did it in a fashion which was reminiscent of his illustrious father Ali.

One of those who fought the battle of Karbala against him says, “I have never seen a person bereaved of his sons, menfolk and his companions more Lion-hearted than him. The foot soldiers were scattering to his right and left like goats when a wolf come upon them.” —–Ibne Aseer, Tareekh Kamil

Husain fell in the desert of Karbala on that fateful Friday, the 10th of Moharram 61H. Worse was to follow. The bodies of the martyrs including the Imam were not only refused a proper burial but were trampled under the horses’ hooves and were left for the birds. The Kufan army looted the belongings of Husain. Imam’s family including his women-folk and tender children were humiliated and taken captives after burning down their camps. The women were paraded with uncovered heads. It wasn’t Islam!

“If Hussain fought to quench his worldly desires, then I do not understand why his sisters, wives and children accompanied him. It stands to reason therefore that he sacrificed purely for Islam.” —Charles Dickens

The severed heads of the martyrs including Husain were raised on spears. How Yazid played with Husain’s head and the emotions of Imam’s family is a well documented fact. Karbala to this day remains a heart-wrenching story of exemplary courage and bravery to uphold the real principles of Islam.

“In a distant age and climate, the tragic scene of the death of Husain will awaken the sympathy of the coldest reader.”—Edward Gibbon

Abdullah Yusuf Ali, the famous English translator of Qurán, has beautifully summed up the whole essence of this epic battle.

There is of course the physical suffering in martyrdom, and all sorrow and suffering claim our sympathy, —- the dearest, purest, most outflowing sympathy that we can give. But there is a greater suffering than physical suffering. That is when a valiant soul seems to stand against the world; when the noblest motives are reviled and mocked; when truth seems to suffer an eclipse. It may even seem that the martyr has but to say a word of compliance, do a little deed of non-resistance; and much sorrow and suffering would be saved; and the insidious whisper comes: “Truth after all can never die.” That is perfectly true. Abstract truth can never die. It is independent of man’s cognition. But the whole battle is for man’s keeping hold of truth and righteousness. And that can only be done by the highest examples of man’s conduct – spiritual striving and suffering enduring firmness of faith and purpose, patience and courage where ordinary mortals would give in or be cowed down, the sacrifice of ordinary motives to supreme truth in scorn of consequence. The martyr bears witness, and the witness redeems what would otherwise be called failure. It so happened with Husain. For all were touched by the story of his martyrdom, and it gave the deathblow to the politics of Damascus and all it stood for.

Lessons From Karbala

Karbala stands for courage, self-sacrifice, integrity, honesty, vision, and bravery beyond words. It symbolises all that is pure and true. Karbala teaches us that real battles are always fought in the minds and not on ground. Yazid was powerful and yet he lost the battle for truth.

“I learned from Hussain how to be wronged and be a winner.” —Mahatma Gandhi

Also, being in the majority need not necessarily make you right.

“The best lesson which we get from the tragedy of Karbala is that Hussain and his companions were the rigid believers of God. They illustrated that numerical superiority does not count when it comes to truth and falsehood. The victory of Hussain despite his minority marvels me! —Thomas Carlyle

As the old adage goes, “Nothing lasts for ever.” Husain and his followers made sure that their martyrdom gave a fatal blow to Yazid’s oppressive rule. Karbala haunted Yazid till his eventual death two years later.

“Imam Husayn uprooted despotism forever till the Day of Resurrection. He watered the dry garden of freedom with the surging wave of his blood, and indeed he awakened the sleeping Muslim nation. Husayn weltered in blood and dust for the sake of truth. Verily he, therefore, became the bed-rock (foundation) of the Muslim creed; la ilaha illa Allah (There is no god but Allah).”—Sir Muhammad Iqbal

It also teaches us to be patient and stand up against any form of wrong treatment. We curse Yazid and his army for their inhuman treatment of people, yet the cruel treatment of captives by the so called jihadis meets little protest. Muslims must recognize and protest against the savagery of inhuman treatment at all times, no matter who does it and where it takes place.

“If a man kills a believer intentionally, his recompense is Hell, to abide therein (For ever): And the wrath and the curse of Allah are upon him, and a dreadful penalty is prepared for him.”— Surah An-Nisa (Chapter 4), Verse 93

The best homage that we can pay to the great tragedy is to do some soul-searching. Do we have the right to be called the followers of the Prophet [PBUH]? Have we really understood the message of Imam Husain? Are the tears for Husain drawn merely by the scenes of mere butchery? Would we ever stand up to the false narrations of the events at Karbala by some maulanas to generate excessive grief? Was Karbala a political war or a struggle for true faith? Are we ready to shed aside our differences and respect each others’ view during our religious discourses during Moharram?

And when we finally have all the answers then we would understand the real message of Karbala.

“Shah ast Hussain, Badshah ast Hussain,

Deen ast Hussain, Deen e Panah ast Hussain,

Sar dad, na dad dast, dar dast-e-yazeed,

Haqaa key binaey La ila ast Hussain”

“It’s Hussain the Prince, it’s Hussain the king,

He is Faith, and Faith’s Defender most daring,

He preferred death to Yazid’s allegiance,

With his blood, Islam has verily been living.”

—Hazrat Khwaja Moinuddin Chisti

Wo Kehta Hain
Hai Ishq Jaan Se Bhi Zyada Aal E Nabi Se Yun Sar-e-Aam Hum Unka Tamasha Nhi Karte,
Roye Wo Jo Munkir Hain Shahadat-e-Hussain Ke,
Hum Zinda-o-Javed Ka Matam Nhi Karte.

Hum Kehte Hain:
Rooya Hain YAQOOB Ne Unhe Bhi,
YUSUF Toh Abhi Zinda Hain Yoon Gham Nahi Karte,
ADAM Ne To HAWWA ke Liye Peeta Hai Seena
Samjhao Unhen Zindoon Ka Gham Nahi Karte,

HAMZA To Shahidon Ke Sardar Hain Lekin,
Karte Na Mustafa Toh Chalo Hum Nahi Karte,

Haq Bat Hai Bus Bughz E Haider Ka Hai Ye Chakkar
Tum Is Liye SHABBIR Ka Gham Nahi Karte,