The chain of the narrators is the same; they said:
The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote to Abd al-Qays: From Muhammad, the Apostle of Allah, to al-Akbar IbnAbd al-Qays. They
will be secure under the guarantee of Allah and the security of His
Apostle against disturbances caused by them in the days of Jàhiliyah.
They will have to fulfill what they promise. They will not be detained on
the way when bringing provisions and they will not be deprived of
obtaining rain water and they will not be prevented from securing ripe
fruits. Al-Ala Ibn al-Hadrami is the trustee of the Apostle of Allah on the land, the sea, with the tribes and the canals and their produce. The people of al-Bahrayn [P. 33] will support and help him and his partisans against oppressions. This is the covenant of Allah and His promise. They will, not change the words, nor will they think of separation. It is enjoined on the Muslim armies to make them sharers in booty and to be just in commands and to observe moderation in military movements. Neither party will make an alteration, and Allah and His Apostle bear witness to it. They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote to the Qayls (Qayls were rulers in Jahiliyah) and the notables of Hadramawt viz Zurah, Qahd, al-Bassi, al-Buhayri, ‘Abd Kulal, Rabi’ah and Hajr. A
poet praised a certain Qayl saying:
Be it known that the best of all people is Qahd, (Next to him) is Abd Kulál the best of the remaining ones. Another person said praising Zurah:
Be it known that Zur’ah is the best of people after Muhammad although
al-Buhayri has embraced Islam.
They said: The Apostle of Allah wrote to Nufathah Ibn Farwah al Du’ili, the ruler of al-Samawah.
They said: He (Prophet) wrote to Udhrah on the bone of the tail and despatched it through a man ofUdhrah. Ward Ibn Mirdás, a man of
Sa’d’s branch of Hudhayl, seized the bone and broke it. Then he
embraced Islam and met a martyr’s death at the ghazwah of Wadi-al Qura or that of al-Qaradah with Zayd Ibn Harithah.
They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote to
Mutarrif Ibn al-Kahin al-Bahili: This is an epistle from Muhammad, the
Apostle of Allah, to Mutarrif Ibn al-Kàhin and those of the Báhilah who
inhabit Bisah. (Bishah is a valley on the route to al-Yamamah) Verily he,
who develops the barren land in which animals and camels dwell, will
possess it. They will have to pay a full grown ox for every thirty oxen
(possessed by them), one goat for a flock of forty goats; and out of every
fifty camels a camel six years old. He who collects zakah will collect them
in their pasture lands only; they will be secured under the security of
Allah.
They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote to
Nahshal Ibn Malik al-Wà’ili, a branch of the Báhilah: In thy name, O
Allah. This is an epistle from Muhammad, the Apostle of Allah, to
Nahshal Ibn Malik and to those of the Banu Wa’il who are with him and
who have embraced Islam, offer prayers, pay zakàh, obey Allah and His
Apostle, pay one fifth of the booty as Allah’s share and that of the
Prophet, bear witness to their Islan and keep away from the polytheists.
Verily, they are secure under the security of Allah and Muhammad will
defend him against oppression of every kind. They will not be banished
nor shall ushr be collected from them. Theirámil will be from among
themselves. Uthmán IbnAffan had scribed it.
They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote an
epistle to Thaqif that for them was the guarantee of Allah and the
guarantee of Muhammad Ibn Abd Allah, for what he had written to them. Khalid Ibn Said had scribed it; and al-Hasan and al-Husayn bore witness to it. (It may be noted that al-Hasan and al-Husayn must have been children of tender age.) The Prophet, may Allah bless him, handed it over to Abu Numayr Ibn Kharashah. They said: The deputation of the Thaqif asked the Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, to declare Wajj a haram (inviolable place of sanctity). Thereupon he wrote to them: This is an epistle from Muhammad, the Apostle of Allah, to [P. 34] the believers: the ( cutting of) hawthorne, the bushes of Wajj, and hunting therein are prohibited. He who does it will be arrested and presented before the Prophet. This is the order of the Prophet Muhammad IbnAbd Allah, the’ Apostle of Allah.
Khálid Ibn Sa’id had scribed it under the command of the Prophet
Muhammad Ibn Abd Allah. (It also said that) none should transgress it or else he would be responsible for (violating) what Muhammad, the Apostle of Allah, had commanded. They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote to Sa'id Ibn Sufyan al-Rili: This is what the Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless
him, has bestowed on Sa’id Ibn Sufyàn al-Ríli; hé has bestowed on him the date palms of al-Suwariqiyyah and none should dispute with him. He who disputes with him has no claim and his (Said’s) right is established.
Khalid lbn Sa’id had scribed it.
They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote toUtbah Ibn Farqad: This is what the Prophet, may Allah bless him, has bestowed onUtbah lbn Fargad; he has bestowed on him a site for a
house at Makkah close to al-Marwah. None should dispute with him. He
who disputes with him has no claim and his (Utbah's) right is established. Muáwiyah had scribed it.
They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless mm, wrote to
Salamah Ibn Malik al-Sulami: This is what the Apostle of Allah, may
Allah bless him, has bestowed on Salamah Ibn Malik al-Salami; he has
bestowed on him what is between Dhat al-Hunàza and Dhát al-Asáwid.
None should dispute with him. Ali Ibn Abi Tàlib and Hatib Ibn Abi Baltaah bore witness to it.
They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote to the
Banu Janàb, a branch of Kalb: This is an epistle from Muhammad the
Prophets, the Apostle of Allah, to the Banu Janàb and their allies and
those who supported them in establishing prayers in paying zakàh,
adhering to the Faith and fulfilling the covenant. They will have to pay
one goat without any defect for every five grazing goats and the beasts of
burden. They will (have a right to) own the beasts which go astray and
the land irrigated with rain-water or by canals. The trustee will get his
due but without any enhancement in what they give. Sad IbnUbadah,Abd Allah Ibn Unays and Dihyah Ibn Khalifah al-Kalbi bore witness to it. They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote to Mahra Ibn al-Abyad: Those of the Mahrah tribe who are believers will not be annihilated, nor invaded and be fought against. They will have to establish the laws of Islam. He who makes an alteration (in them really) fights against Allah. He who believes in Him is under the guarantee of Allah and His Apostle. Things lost (if picked up) will be returned and beasts will be provided with water. Blood-shed, foul language and obscienity are evils. Muhammad Ibn Maslamah al-Ansari had ascribed it. They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote to Khatham: This is an epistle from Muhammad, the Apostle of Allah, to
Khatham. He who is present in Bishah or its desert is absolved of the blood-shed of the days of Jahiliyah. From among you whoever embraces Islam willingly or unwillingly and owns a plot of hard or soft soil whether irrigated by rainwater or by the water of a spring and is free from famine and drought, will have the right of grazing his animals and having its produce. He will have to payushr for every irtigated plot and one half of
it for an unirrigated one. [P. 35] Jarir Ibn ‘Abd Allah and other persons
present bore witness to it.
They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote for the
deputationists of the Thumàlah and al-Huddán: This is an epistle from
Muhammad, the Apostle of Allah, to the inhabitants of the coastal
territories and the interior, which are close to Suhàr. For what is to be
realized from them for the groves of their date-palms, there is no fixed
estimate nor measurement. However, they have to pay one wasaq out of
every ten wasaqs. Thàbit Ibn Qays Ibn Shammàs had scribed this
document, and Sad IbnUbàdah and Muhammad Ibn Maslamah bore
witness to it.
They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote to the
Bariq, a branch of Azd: This is an epistle from Muhammad, the Apostle
of Allah, to the Bariq, without the permission of the Bariq, their fruits
will not be plucked, nor will the animals be grazed in their vernal and
autumnal pasture lands. If a Muslim happens to pass by them in an ‘arak
or jadb, it will be their duty to entertain him for three days. When their
fruits ripen, a traveller may pick up (from those that have fallen) to
satisfy his hunger but not to carry them. Abu ‘Ubaydah Ibn al-Jarràh
and Hudhayfah Ibn al-Yamàn bore witness to it; Ubayyi Ibn Kab had scribed it. He (Ibn Sad) said: Al-Jadb (means), there is no pasture land; al-arak (means), leaving the camel in a barren land where they graze to their satisfaction, and yagtathim (means) to carry (anything).They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote an epistle for Wà'il Ibn Hujr, when the latter intending to go back to his native land, had said O Apostle of Allah! write an epistle to my people. The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, said to Muawiyah: O Muáwiyah, write to the ruling Qayls, to offer prayers and to pay zakah. The zakah is (to be paid) on the grazing animals and the chained animals in their possession. (The payers) should commit no fraud or send away their animals; (the collectors) should not ask for their being tied with a rope and brought for assessment at their camp. There should be no confusion through mingling. They are bound to support the Muslim forces. One she-camel will be given out of every ten, and he who collects (additional) tax, takes more than the due. Wa'il said: 0 Apostle of Allah, write about the land which belonged to me in the days of Jahiliyah. The Qayls of Himyar and the Qayls of Hadaramawt gave evidence (in his favour). Thereupon, he wrote to him: This is an epistle from Muhammad, the Prophet, to Wa'il Ibn Hujr, the Qayl of Hadaramawt: This is because you embraced Islam, so I assign to you the forts and tracts of land in your possession. Out of every ten one will be taken, and this will be determined by two persons with judgment. I have ordered that you will not be oppressed till this religion subsists, and the Prophet and the believers will be (your) supporters. They said: Al-Ashath and other persons of Kindah had a dispute
with Wa’il Ibn Hujr about a valley of Hadaramawt; and instituted a case
before the Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him. Thereupon, the Apostle
of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote (gave) his decision, in favour of
Wa’il Ibn Hujr.
They said: The Apostle of Allah, may Allah bless him, wrote to the
people of Najran: This is an epistle from Muhammad, the Prophet, the
Apostle of Allah, to the people of Najran: My orders will be binding on
them relating to all yellow, white and black fruits, and slaves. He showed
them kindness and (emitted all this in return for two thousand hullahs
(garments) to be judged by their value in ounces (of silver). In every
Rajab [P. 36] one thousand hullahs will be due and likewise in every
Safar one thousand hullahs will be due. Every hullah will be accounted
for against an ounce (of silver). If the value of the hullahs exceeds the
kharaj or fall short of it, it will be adjusted. Whatever of coats of mail,
horses, camels or any other things is taken from them will be accounted
for. The people of Najran will have to entertain my messengers (when
they come to collect taxes) for twenty days or less; and they will not be
detained for more than a month. If there be fighting in Yaman they will
have to give as loan thirty coats of mail, thirty horses and thirty camels.
Whatever coats of mail, horses and camels, are received as loan by my
messengers will be under the guarantee of my messengers till they return
them. The people of Najran and their neighbours are under the
protection of Allah and the guarantee of Muhammad, the Prophet, the
Apostle of Allah, for their persons, religion, land and property, those who
are present and absent, and their churches and places of worship (will be
safe). No bishop will be removed from his diocese, no monk from his
monastry, and no trustee from his trust. What is in their possession, be it
little or much, is theirs, provided that it is not the amount of usury or (a
claim) for a blood-feud of the days of Jahiliyah. If any one of them puts
forward a claim for his right, he will get justice without oppression; and
oppression on the people of Najran (will not be tolerated). For him who
collected usury before, I am not responsible. None of them will be held
for the transgressions of others. Whatever is entered in this document is
under the guarantee of Allah and perpetual guarantee of the Prophet, till
Allah gives His command. They should be sincere and virtuous, not
resorting to oppression. Abu Sufyàn Ibn Harb, Ghaylàn Ibn Amr, Malik lbn 'Awf al-Nasri, al-Aqra Ibn Hàbis, al-Mustawrid Ibn Amr, the brother of Bali, al-Mughirah Ibn Shubah and ‘Amir, the mawla of Abu
Bakr bore witness to It.
Aal-e-Qutub Aal-e-Syed Abdullah Shah Ghazi 