Month: July 2021

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 119:

Narrated ‘Abbas bin Tamim’s uncle:

The Prophet (p.b.u.h) went out to offer the Istisqa’ prayer and turned (and put on) his cloak inside out.

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 120:
Narrated Abu Huraira;

Whenever the Prophet (p.b.u.h) lifted his head from the bowing in the last Raka he used to say: “O Allah! Save ‘Aiyash bin Abi Rabi’a. O Allah! Save Salama bin Hisham. O Allah! Save Walid bin Walid. O Allah! Save the weak faithful believers. O Allah! Be hard on the tribes of Mudar and send (famine) years on them like the famine years of (Prophet) Joseph .” The Prophet further said, “Allah forgive the tribes of Ghifar and save the tribes of Aslam.” Abu Az-Zinad (a sub-narrator) said, “The Qunut used to be recited by the Prophet in the Fajr prayer.”

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 121:
Narrated Masruq:

We were with ‘Abdullah and he said, “When the Prophet saw the refusal of the people to accept Islam he said, “O Allah! Send (famine) years on them for (seven years) like the seven years (of famine during the time) of (Prophet) Joseph.” So famine overtook them for one year and destroyed every kind of life to such an extent that the people started eating hides, carcasses and rotten dead animals. Whenever one of them looked towards the sky, he would (imagine himself to) see smoke because of hunger. So Abu Sufyan went to the Prophet and said, “O Muhammad! You order people to obey Allah and to keep good relations with kith and kin. No doubt the people of your tribe are dying, so please pray to Allah for them.” So Allah revealed: “Then watch you For the day that The sky will bring forth a kind Of smoke Plainly visible … Verily! You will return (to disbelief) On the day when We shall seize You with a mighty grasp. (44.10-16) Ibn Masud added, “Al-Batsha (i.e. grasp) happened in the battle of Badr and no doubt smoke, Al-Batsha, Al-Lizam, and the verse of Surat Ar-Rum have all passed .

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 122:
Narrated ‘Abdullah bin Dinar:

My father said, “I heard Ibn ‘Umar reciting the poetic verses of Abu Talib: And a white (person) (i.e. the Prophet) who is requested to pray for rain and who takes care of the orphans and is the guardian of widows.” Salim’s father (Ibn ‘Umar) said, “The following poetic verse occurred to my mind while I was looking at the face of the Prophet (p.b.u.h) while he was praying for rain. He did not get down till the rain water flowed profusely from every roof-g utter: And a white (person) who is requested to pray for rain and who takes care of the orphans and is the guardian of widows . . . And these were the words of Abu Talib.”

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 123:
Narrated Anas:

Whenever drought threatened them, ‘Umar bin Al-Khattab, used to ask Al-Abbas bin ‘Abdul Muttalib to invoke Allah for rain. He used to say, “O Allah! We used to ask our Prophet to invoke You for rain, and You would bless us with rain, and now we ask his uncle to invoke You for rain. O Allah ! Bless us with rain.”(1) And so it would rain.

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 124:
Narrated ‘Abdullah bin Zaid:

The Prophet turned his cloak inside out on Istisqa.

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 125:
Narrated ‘Abdullah bin Zaid

The Prophet went towards the Musalla and invoked Allah for rain. He faced the Qibla and wore his cloak inside out, and offered two Rakat.

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 126:
Narrated Sharik bin ‘Abdullah bin Abi Namir:

I heard Anas bin Malik saying, “On a Friday a person entered the main Mosque through the gate facing the pulpit while Allah’s Apostle was delivering the Khutba. The man stood in front of Allah’s Apostle and said, ‘O Allah’s Apostle! The livestock are dying and the roads are cut off; so please pray to Allah for rain.’ ” Anas added, “Allah’s Apostle (p.b.u.h) raised both his hands and said, ‘O Allah! Bless us with rain! O Allah! Bless us with rain! O Allah! Bless us with rain!’ ” Anas added, “By Allah, we could not see any trace of cloud in the sky and there was no building or a house between us and (the mountains of) Sila.” Anas added, “A heavy cloud like a shield appeared from behind it (i.e. Sila’ Mountain). When it came in the middle of the sky, it spread and then rained.” Anas further said, “By Allah! We could not see the sun for a week. Next Friday a person entered through the same gate and at that time Allah’s Apostle was delivering the Friday’s Khutba. The man stood in front of him and said, ‘O Allah’s Apostle! The livestock are dying and the roads are cut off, please pray to Allah to with-hold rain.’ ” Anas added, “Allah’s Apostle I raised both his hands and said, ‘O Allah! Round about us and not on us. O Allah! On the plateaus, on the mountains, on the hills, in the valleys and on the places where trees grow.’ So the rain stopped and we came out walking in the sun.” Sharik asked Anas whether it was the same person who had asked for the rain (the last Friday). Anas replied that he did not know.

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 127:
Narrated Sharik:

Anas bin Malik said, “A person entered the Mosque on a Friday through the gate facing the Daril-Qada’ and Allah’s Apostle was standing delivering the Khutba (sermon). The man stood in front of Allah’s Apostle and said, ‘O Allah’s Apostle, livestock are dying and the roads are cut off; please pray to Allah for rain.’ So Allah’s Apostle (p.b.u.h) raised both his hands and said, ‘O Allah! Bless us with rain. O Allah! Bless us with rain. O Allah! Bless us with rain!” Anas added, “By Allah, there were no clouds in the sky and there was no house or building between us and the mountain of Silas’. Then a big cloud like a shield appeared from behind it (i.e. Silas Mountain) and when it came in the middle of the sky, it spread and then rained. By Allah! We could not see the sun for a week. The next Friday, a person entered through the same gate and Allah’s Apostle was delivering the Friday Khutba and the man stood in front of him and said, ‘O Allah’s Apostle! The livestock are dying and the roads are cut off; Please pray to Allah to withhold rain.’ ” Anas added, “Allah’s Apostle raised both his hands and said, ‘O Allah! Round about us and not on us. O Allah!’ On the plateaus, on the mountains, on the hills, in the valleys and on the places where trees grow.’ ” Anas added, “The rain stopped and we came out, walking in the sun.” Sharik asked Anas whether it was the same person who had asked for rain the previous Friday. Anas replied that he did not know.

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 128:
Narrated Qatada:

Anas I said, “While Allah’s Apostle (p.b.u.h) was delivering the Friday Khutba (sermon) a man came and said, ‘O Allah’s Apostle! Rain is scarce; please ask Allah to bless us with rain.’ So he invoked Allah for it, and it rained so much that we could hardly reach our homes and it continued raining till the next Friday.” Anas further said, “Then the same or some other person stood up and said, ‘O Allah’s Apostle! Invoke Allah to withhold the rain.’ On that, Allah’s Apostle I said, ‘O Allah! Round about us and not on us.’ ” Anas added, “I saw the clouds dispersing right and left and it continued to rain but not over Medina.”

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 129:
Narrated Anas:

A man came to the Prophet (p.b.u.h) and said, “Livestock are destroyed and the roads are cut off.” So Allah’s Apostle invoked Allah for rain and it rained from that Friday till the next Friday. The same person came again and said, “Houses have collapsed, roads are cut off, and the livestock are destroyed. Please pray to Allah to withhold the rain.” Allah’s Apostle (stood up and) said, “O Allah! (Let it rain) on the plateaus, on the hills, in the valleys and over the places where trees grow.” So the clouds cleared away from Medina as clothes are taken off .

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 130:
Narrated Anas bin Malik:

A man came to Allah’s Apostle and said, “O Allah’s Apostle! Livestock are destroyed and the roads are cut off. So please invoke Allah.” So Allah’s Apostle prayed and it rained from that Friday to the next Friday. Then he came to Allah’s Apostle I and said, “O Allah’s Apostle! Houses have collapsed, roads are cut off and the livestock are destroyed.” So Allah’s Apostle (p.b.u.h) prayed, “O Allah! (Let it rain) on the tops of mountains, on the plateaus, in the valleys and over the places where trees grow.” So the clouds cleared away from Medina as clothes are taken off.

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 131:
Narrated Anas bin Malik

I p man complained to the Prophet about the destruction of livestock and property and the hunger of the offspring. So he invoked (Allah for rain. The narrator (Anas) did not mention that the Prophet had worn his cloak inside out or faced the Qibla.

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 132:
Narrated Anas bin Malik

A man came to Allah’s Apostle and said, “O Allah’s Apostle! Livestock are destroyed and the roads are cut off; so please invoke Allah.” So Allah’s Apostle prayed for rain and it rained from that Friday till the next Friday. Then a man came to the Prophet (p.b.u.h) and said, “O Allah’s Apostle! The houses have collapsed, roads are cut off and the livestock are destroyed.” So Allah’s Apostle said, “O Allah ! (Let it rain) on the tops of the mountains, on the plateaus, in the valleys and over the places where trees grow.” So the clouds cleared away from Medina as clothes are taken off.

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 133:
Narrated Masruq:

One day I went to Ibn Masud who said, “When Quraish delayed in embracing Islam, the Prophet I invoked Allah to curse them, so they were afflicted with a (famine) year because of which many of them died and they ate the carcasses and Abu Sufyan came to the Prophet and said, ‘O Muhammad! You came to order people to keep good relation with kith and kin and your nation is being destroyed, so invoke Allah I ? So the Prophet I recited the Holy verses of Sirat-Ad-Dukhan: ‘Then watch you For the day that The sky will Bring forth a kind Of smoke Plainly visible.’ (44.10) When the famine was taken off, the people renegade once again as nonbelievers. The statement of Allah, (in Sura “Ad-Dukhan”-44) refers to that: ‘On the day when We shall seize You with a mighty grasp.’ (44.16) And that was what happened on the day of the battle of Badr.” Asbath added on the authority of Mansur, “Allah’s Apostle prayed for them and it rained heavily for seven days. So the people complained of the excessive rain. The Prophet said, ‘O Allah! (Let it rain) around us and not on us.’ So the clouds dispersed over his head and it rained over the surroundings.”

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 134:
Narrated Anas:

Allah’s Apostle I was delivering the Khutba (sermon) on a Friday when the people stood up, shouted and said, “O Allah’s Apostle! There is no rain (drought), the trees have dried and the livestock are destroyed; Please pray to Allah for rain.” So Allah’s Apostle said twice, “O Allah! Bless us with rain.” By Allah, there was no trace of cloud in the sky and suddenly the sky became overcast with clouds and it started raining. The Prophet came down the pulpit and offered the prayer. When he came back from the prayer (to his house) it was raining and it rained continuously till the next Friday. When the Prophet started delivering the Friday Khutba (sermon), the people started shouting and said to him, “The houses have collapsed and the roads are cut off; so please pray to Allah to withhold the rain.” So the Prophet smiled and said, “O Allah! Round about us and not on us.” So the sky became clear over Medina but it kept on raining over the outskirts (of Medina) and not a single drop of rain fell over Median. I looked towards the sky which was as bright and clear as a crown.

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 135:
Narrated Abbas bin Tamim

that his uncle (who was one of the companions of the Prophet) had told him, “The Prophet went out with the people to invoke Allah for rain for them. He stood up and invoked Allah for rain, then faced the Qibla and turned his cloak (inside out) and it rained.”

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 136:
Narrated Abbas bin Tamim

from his uncle who said, “The Prophet went out to invoke Allah for rain. He faced the Qibla invoking Allah. He turned over his cloak (inside out) and then offered two Rakat and recited the Quran aloud in them.”

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 137:
Narrated Abbas bin Tamim from his uncle,

“I saw the Prophet on the day when he went out to offer the Istisqa’ prayer. He turned his back towards the people and faced the Qibla and asked Allah for rain. Then he turned his cloak inside out and led us in a two Rakat prayer and recited the Qur’an aloud in them.”

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 138:
Narrated Abbas bin Tamlm from his uncle who said,

“The Prophet invoked Allah for rain and offered a two Rakat prayer and he put his cloak inside out.”

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 139:
Narrated Abbas bin Tamim from his uncle who said,

“The Prophet went out to the Musalla to offer the Istisqa’ prayer, faced the Qibla and offered a two-Rakat prayer and turned his cloak inside out.” Narrated Abu Bakr, “The Prophet put the right side of his cloak on his left side.”

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 140:
Narrated ‘Abdullah bin Zaid Al-Ansari:

The Prophet went out towards the Musalla in order to offer the Istisqa’ prayer and when he intended to invoke (Allah) or started invoking, he faced the Qibla and turned his cloak inside out.

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 141:
Narrated Anas bin Malik

The Prophet never raised his hands for any invocation except for that of Istisqa’ and he used to raise them so much that the whiteness of his armpits became visible. (Note: It may be that Anas did not see the Prophet raising his hands, but it is narrated that the Prophet used to raise his hands for invocations other than Istisqa. See Hadith No. 807 & 808 and also see Hadith No. 612, Vol. 5).

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 142:
Narrated Aisha:

Whenever Allah’s Apostle saw the rain, he used to say, “O Allah! Let it be a strong fruitful rain.”

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 143:
Narrated Anas bin Malik:

In the life-time of Allah’s Apostle (p.b.u.h) the people were afflicted with a (famine) year. While the Prophet was delivering the Khutba (sermon) on the pulpit on a Friday, a Bedouin stood up and said, “O Allah’s Apostle! The livestock are dying and the families (offspring) are hungry: please pray to Allah to bless us with rain.” Allah’s Apostle raised both his hands towards the sky and at that time there was not a trace of cloud in they sky. Then the clouds started gathering like mountains. Before he got down from the pulpit I saw rain-water trickling down his beard. It rained that day, the next day, the third day, the fourth day and till the next Friday, when the same Bedouin or some other person stood up (during the Friday Khutba) and said, “O Allah’s Apostle! The houses have collapsed and the livestock are drowned. Please invoke Allah for us.” So Allah’s Apostle raised both his hands and said, “O Allah! Around us and not on us.” Whichever side the Prophet directed his hand, the clouds dispersed from there till a hole (in the clouds) was formed over Medina. The valley of Qanat remained flowing (with water) for one month and none, came from outside who didn’t talk about the abundant rain.

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 144:
Narrated Anas:

Whenever a strong wind blew, anxiety appeared on the face of the Prophet (fearing that wind might be a sign of Allah’s wrath).

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 145:
Narrated Ibn Abbas:

The Prophet said, “I was granted victory with As-Saba and the nation of ‘Ad was destroyed by Ad-Dabur (westerly wind) .

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 146:
Narrated Abu Huraira:

The Prophet said, “The Hour (Last Day) will not be established until (religious) knowledge will be taken away (by the death of religious learned men), earthquakes will be very frequent, time will pass quickly, afflictions will appear, murders will increase and money will overflow amongst you.” (See Hadith No. 85 Vol 1).

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 147:
Narrated Ibn ‘Umar:

(The Prophet) said, “O Allah! Bless our Sham and our Yemen.” People said, “Our Najd as well.” The Prophet again said, “O Allah! Bless our Sham and Yemen.” They said again, “Our Najd as well.” On that the Prophet said, “There will appear earthquakes and afflictions, and from there will come out the side of the head of Satan.”

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 148:
Narrated Zaid bin Khalid Al-Juhani:

Allah’s Apostle led the morning prayer in Al-Hudaibiya and it had rained the previous night. When the Prophet (p.b.u.h) had finished the prayer he faced the people and said, “Do you know what your Lord has said?” They replied, “Allah and His Apostle know better.” (The Prophet said), “Allah says, ‘In this morning some of My worshipers remained as true believers and some became non-believers; he who said that it had rained with the blessing and mercy of Allah is the one who believes in Me and does not believe in star, but he who said it had rained because of such and such (star) is a disbeliever in Me and is a believer in star.’ ”

Volume 2, Book 17, Number 149:
Narrated Ibn ‘Umar:

Allah’s Apostle (p.b.u.h) said, “Keys of the unseen knowledge are five which nobody knows but Allah . . . nobody knows what will happen tomorrow; nobody knows what is in the womb; nobody knows what he will gain tomorrow; nobody knows at what place he will die; and nobody knows when it will rain.”

18 ज़िलहिज्जा सन 10 हिजरी ग़दीर के मैदान में पेश आने वाली घटना इसलिए भी अहमियत रखती है क्योंकि ग़दीर के बाद की बहुत सारी घटनाएं ऐसी हैं जिनका सीधा संबंध ग़दीर से है, इसीलिए बिना ग़दीर को समझे बाद की किसी घटना को सहीह तरह से समझना आसान नहीं होगा। अहले सुन्नत के बड़े उलमा ने अपनी किताबों में ग़दीर को अनेक तरह से नक़्ल किया है, हम यहां उनमें से कुछ अहम किताबों को उनके द्वारा नक़्ल की गई हदीस के साथ बयान करेंगे।

सुनन-ए-तिरमिज़ी

ज़ैद इब्ने अरक़म ने पैग़म्बर हज़रत मुहम्मद स.अ. से हदीस को इस तरह नक़्ल किया कि आपने फ़रमाया: जिसका मैं मौला हूं उसके यह अली अ.स. मौला हैं। (सुनन-ए-तिरमिज़ी, मोहम्मद इब्ने ईसा, जिल्द 12, पेज 175)

मुसन्नफ़े इब्ने अबी शैबा

इब्ने अबी शैबा कहते हैं कि हम से मुत्तलिब इब्ने ज़ियाद ने उस ने अब्दुल्लाह इब्ने मोहम्मद इब्ने अक़ील से उसने जाबिर इब्ने अब्दुल्लाह अंसारी से नक़्ल किया है कि जाबिर कहते हैं: हम सब जोहफ़ा में ग़दीरे ख़ुम में जमा थे उसी समय पैग़म्बरे अकरम स.अ. ने इमाम अली अ.स. का हाथ अपने हाथ में ले कर इरशाद फ़रमाया: जिसका मैं मौला हूं उसके यह अली अ.स. मौला हैं। (अल-मुसन्नफ़, इब्ने अबी शैबा, जिल्द 7, पेज 495)

अल मोजमुल कबीर तबरानी

अपनी किताब मोजमुल-कबीर में अबू इसहाक़ हमदानी से नक़्ल करते हुए कहते हैं कि उसका बयान है कि मैंने हब्शा इब्ने जुनादह को यह कहते हुए सुना कि मैंने पैग़म्बरे अकरम स.अ को ग़दीरे ख़ुम में कहते हुए सुना कि: ख़ुदाया जिसका मैं मौला हूं उसके यह अली अ.स. मौला हैं, ख़ुदाया तू उस से मोहब्बत करना जो अली अ.स. से मोहब्बत करे, और उस से नफ़रत कर जो अली अ.स. से नफ़रत करे, और उसकी मदद कर जो अली अ.स. की मदद करे, और उसका साथ दे जो अली अ.स. का साथ दे। (मोजमुल-कबीर, तबरानी, जिल्द 4, पेज 4)

अबू सऊद और इब्ने आदिल की तफ़सीर

इन दोनों तफ़सीर में सूरए मआरिज की पहली आयत की तफ़सीर में लिखा है कि, अज़ाब का सवाल करने वाले का नाम हारिस इब्ने नोमान फ़हरी था, और इस आयत के नाज़िल होने की वजह यह है कि जब हारिस ने पैग़म्बरे अकरम स.अ. के क़ौल कि: “जिसका मैं मौला हूं उसके यह अली अ.स. मौला हैं” इसको सुना वह अपनी ऊंटनी पर सवार हो कर पैग़म्बरे अकरम स.अ. के पास आया और कहने लगा कि, ऐ मोहम्मद (स.अ.) तुम ने हम लोगों से एक ख़ुदा की इबादत के लिए कहा और यह कहा कि मैं अल्लाह का भेजा रसूल हूं, हम लोगों ने मान लिया, दिन में 5 वक़्त की नमाज़ पढ़ने के लिए कहा मान लिया, हमारे माल से ज़कात मांगी हम लोगों ने दे दी, हर साल एक महीने रोज़े रखने के लिए कहा रख लिया, हज करने के लिए कहा मान लिया, लेकिन आप अपने चचेरे भाई को हम से ज़ियादा अहमियत देना चाह रहे हैं यह हम लोग बर्दाश्त नहीं करेंगे, फिर वह पैग़म्बरे अकरम स.अ. से पूछता है कि यह जो कहा अपनी तरफ़ से कहा है या अल्लाह के हुक्म से? पैग़म्बर स.अ. ने फ़रमाया: उस ख़ुदा की क़सम! जिसके अलावा कोई दूसरा ख़ुदा नहीं है कि मैंने जो कुछ भी कहा है उसी ख़ुदा के हुक्म से कहा है, इसके बाद हारिस ने कहा ख़ुदाया अगर मोहम्मद (स.अ.) सच कह रहे हैं तो आसमान से मेरे ऊपर अज़ाब नाज़िल कर, ख़ुदा की क़सम! वह यह कह कर अभी अपनी ऊंटनी तक भी नहीं पहुंचा था कि आसमान से एक ऐसा पत्थर नाज़िल हुआ जिसने उसके सर को चीर कर उसे हलाक कर दिया। (तफ़सीरुल-लोबाब, इब्ने आदिल, जिल्द 15, पेज 456)

अल-दुर्रुल मनसूर

इस किताब में जलालुद्दीन सियूती ने अबू हुरैरा से इस तरह हदीस नक़्ल की है कि: जिस समय ग़दीरे ख़ुम की घटना पेश आई उस दिन 18 ज़िल-हिज्जा थी, पैग़म्बरे अकरम स.अ. ने फ़रमाया: जिसका मैं मौला हूं उसके यह अली अ.स. मौला हैं, इसी के बाद अल्लाह ने आयए इकमाल को नाज़िल किया। (अल-दुर्रुल मनसूर, जलालुद्दीन सियूती, जिल्द 3, पेज 323)

आश्चर्य की बात यह है कि इस किताब को लिखने वाले ने इस हदीस को नक़्ल करने के बाद इसको क़ुबूल करने से इंकार कर दिया है, जबकि दूसरी जगह पर इन्होंने इस हदीस को क़ुबूल किया है।

तफ़सीरे इब्ने कसीर

” یا ایھا الرسول بلغ ما انزل الیک من ربک”

के नाज़िल होने के पीछे कारण को बताते हुए इब्ने कसीर कहते है कि अबू हारून की तरह से इब्ने मरदूया ने हदीस को अबू सईद ख़ुदरी से नक़्ल करते हुए कहा है कि: यह आयत ग़दीरे ख़ुम में पैग़म्बरे अकरम स.अ. पर नाज़िल हुई, जिसके बाद आप ने फ़रमाया: जिसका मैं मौला हूं उसके यह अली अ.स. मौला हैं, इसके बाद इब्ने कसीर ने अबू हुरैरा से भी हदीस नक़्ल करते हुए यह भी लिखा है कि यह घटना 18 ज़िल-हिज्जा को हज के बाद पेश आई। (तफ़सीरुल क़ुर्आनिल अज़ीम, इब्ने कसीर, जिल्ज 3, पेज 28)

तफ़सीरे आलूसी

आलूसी भी आयते बल्लिग़ के नाज़िल होने की वजह के बारे में इब्ने अब्बास से नक़्ल करते हुए लिखते हैं कि: यह आयत इमाम अली अ.स. के बारे में नाज़िल हुई, जब अल्लाह ने पैग़म्बरे अकरम स.अ. को हुक्म दिया कि वह इमाम अली अ.स. की विलायत का ऐलान करें, लेकिन पैग़म्बर स.अ. लोगों के आरोप के कारण उस समय तक एलान नहीं कर सके थे, फिर यह आयत नाज़िल हुई, और पैग़म्बर स.अ. ने ग़दीरे ख़ुम में इमाम अली अ.स. का हाथ पकड़ कर फ़रमाया: जिसका मैं मौला हूं उसके यह अली अ.स. मौला हैं, ख़ुदाया तू उसे दोस्त रख जो अली अ.स. को दोस्त रखे और उसे दुश्मन रख जो अली अ.स. से दुश्मनी रखे। (रूहुल मआनी, आलूसी, जिल्द 5, पेज 67-68)

फ़तहुल-क़दीर

इस किताब में इस तरह से नक़्ल हुआ है कि, पैग़म्बरे अकरम स.अ. ने बुरैदा से कहा क्या मैं मोमिनीन पर ख़ुद उनसे ज़ियादा हक़ नहीं रखता? बुरैदा कहते हैं मैंने कहा: बिल्कुल आप को हक़ है, फिर पैग़म्बरे अकरम स.अ. ने फ़रमाया: जिसका मैं मौला हूं उसके अली अ.स. मौला हैं। (फ़तहुल-क़दीर, जिल्द 6, पेज 20)

तफ़सीरे राज़ी

फ़ख़रुद्दीन राज़ी कहते हैं कि यह आयत इमाम अली अ.स. की शान में नाज़िल हुई है, और इसके नाज़िल होने के बाद रसूले ख़ुदा स.अ. ने इमाम अली अ.स. का हाथ पकड़ के फ़रमाया: जिसका मैं मौला हूं उसके यह अली अ.स. मौला हैं, ख़ुदाया तू उसे दोस्त रख जिसने अली अ.स. से दोस्ती रखी और उस से दुश्मनी रख जिसने अली अ.स. से दुश्मनी रखी, इसके बाद हज़रत उमर ने इमाम अली अ.स. से मुलाक़ात की और मुबारकबाद दे कर कहा कि आप मेरे और सभी मोमिन मर्द और औरतों के मौला हैं। (मफ़ातीहुल-ग़ैब, फ़ख़रुद्दीन राज़ी, जिल्ज 6, पेज 113)

इसके अलावा ग़दीर की हदीस को अहले सुन्नत की इन किताबों में भी देखा जा सकता है।

अल-इस्तीआब फ़ी मारेफ़तिल असहाब, जिल्द 1, पेज 338

उस्दुल-ग़ाबा, जिल्द 1, पेज 2-3

मुरव्वजुज़-ज़हब, जिल्द 1, पेज 346

मुख़्तसर तारीख़े दमिश्क़ नाम की किताब में 12 अलग अलग रावियों से इस हदीस को नक़्ल किया गया है, जिल्द 2-3-4-5

मिरातुल-जिनान, जिल्द 1, पेज 51

अल-मुख़तसर फ़ी अख़बारिल बशर, जिल्द 1, पेज 126

तारीख़ुल ख़ुलफ़ा, जिल्द 1, पेज 69

तारीख़े बग़दाद, जिल्द 3, पेज 333

THE PROCLAMATION OF PROPHET (S.A.W)

Ali (A.S.) was only ten when the Prophet (S.A.W) was inspired by the Almighty to declare his office and
preach Islam. Ali (A.S.) and Khadija (Prophet (S.A.W)’s wife) were the only two persons who upheld his
claim and prayed behind him. Ali (A.S.) often took pride in being the first and the youngest Muslim in
the world.
Hardly three years had passed from his first declaration of Prophethood that Allah enjoined upon him
to preach Islam to his own kinsmen. Ali (A.S.) was directed to make preparations for a feast and invite
the members of Bani Hashim clan. Forty Hashimites participated. After the party the Prophet (S.A.W)
rose and said, “O sons of Abdul Mutallib, I know no man in Arabia who brought for his people better
tiding than that which I have brought for you. It will serve you in this life and in the life to come. Will
you believe me if I tell you that your enemy is going to attack you by day or night? With one voice they
replied, “We believe you to be a truthfulman!” The Prophet (S.A.W) then said, “Then know you all that
Allah has sent me to guide man to the Right Path, and has commanded me to call my near relatives first
to His Holy Will, and to warn them against His wrath. Who amongst you will share my burden, who
amongst you will come forward to help me in this great task? Whoever accepts this responsibility will
be my successor, my brother, and my delegate.” No one answered. The spell of skeptic astonishment
was at last broken by the spontaneous courage of Ali (A.S.). He stood and said, “O Prophet of Allah
though my legs are thin, I promise that I will help thee. I am prepared to sacrifice everything on thy
command. I am the man, whosoever rises against thee, I shall dash out his teeth, tear out his eyes,
break his legs and rip up his belly. O Prophet of Allah I will be thy Wazir over them.” The Prophet
(S.A.W) asked Ali (A.S.) to sit down asked the same question again, and again it was only Ali (A.S.) who
answered the call of the Prophet (S.A.W). The Prophet (S.A.W) again asked Ali (A.S.) to sit down and
again asked the same question to the gathering and again none spoke except Ali (A.S.) who again
offered himself to serve at the command of the Prophet (S.A.W). The Prophet (S.A.W) then declared,
“Listen O People of Quraish, here is Ali, who is My Wazir, My Brother and My Successor. Listen to him
and obey him.” The assembly broke up in laughter at the thought of a lad of twelve deciding on such an
enterprise. Some of them cutting jokes with Ali (A.S.)’s father said, “O Abu Talib, now you should listen
and obey your own youngest son.” [Tabari, Vol. 2,
page 216].
After appointing his successor the Prophet (S.A.W) started preaching Islam openly. He was now
speaking against the idols whom the Quraish so dearly loved and worshipped. This angered them and
the other Meccans very much and when they failed to stop him they instigated their youngsters to
misbehave and harass the Prophet (S.A.W). They teased him, insulted him, and threw stones and dirt
on him. Ali (A.S.) became the Prophet (S.A.W)’s defender. He attacked them and hammered them. He
fought even with those who were much older to him and often got hurt, but he never shed the
responsibility of punishing the harassers of the Prophet (S.A.W). He was so famous for his attacks on
the enemies of the Prophet (S.A.W) that people nicknamed him Kasif (the breaker). Nobody could harm
the Prophet (S.A.W) when Ali (A.S.) was with him. But as Islam spread, the anger and frustration of the
Quraish and the other Meccans also grew, and their harassment became so severe that the lives of the
converts became very miserable.
When the Prophet (S.A.W) saw that the Muslims cannot bear these sufferings any more he advised
them to migrate to the Christian country of Abisinia (Ethiopia). Some three hundred men, women and
children under the leadership of Ali (A.S.)’s brother Jafar migrated. The Quraish angered by this step of
the Prophet (S.A.W) sent their messenger to the king Najashi of Ethiopia requesting him to send back
these refugees who were all criminals and had wronged them. When Abu Talib (A.S.) heard about this
move of the Quraish, he immediately sent a letter to the king, explaining the entire situation and
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requesting him not to withdraw the support which he had so generously given to the Muslims. The king
acting on the advice of Abu Talib (A.S.) refused to oblige the Quraish [Seerat Ibne Hisham, Vol 1., page
356].
During the fifth year after the declaration of his mission a girl was born to the Prophet (S.A.W) who was
named Fatema. She was the only surviving child of the Prophet (S.A.W). Before her birth a son was
born to the Prophet (S.A.W) from Khadija and was named Qasim but he died in his infancy. Similarly,
the Prophet (S.A.W) got another son from his another wife Maria after migrating to Madina. The Prophet
(S.A.W) named him Ibrahim but he to died in his infancy.
When the news of Fatema (S.A.)’s birth was given to the Prophet (S.A.) he said, “I inhale her fragrance
and her sustenance is with Allah.”
Seven long years of torture, sufferings and hardships did not deter the Prophet (S.A.W) from preaching
Islam. Ali (A.S.) now seventeen and stronger than before was as close to him as on the day of the
declaration of Islam. The Prophet (S.A.W)’s message of one God, one book, one nation and one flag
continued to spread among the whole of Arabia and the Quraish began to realized that if not checked
now, this religion and this man Mohammad (S.A.W) will certainly bring their doom. Fearing this the
elders of the Quraish assembled to decide their future course of action so that the spread of Islam may
be checked. This conference and its proceedings is recorded in history which is as follows:
Abu Laheb : Have you seen Abu Talib’s attitude? He is neither prepared to stop his nephew (from
preaching Islam) nor is he prepared to hand him over to us.
Abu Sufian : He is spreading his activities day by day.
Atba : Why not warn Abu Talib once more.
Ibne Hasham : He will not listen.
Abu Sufian : I have an idea, if you all agree to it.
Abu Laheb : Let’s know.
Abu Sufian : We may offer one of our young men to Abu Talib in exchangeofMohammad.
Abu Jehal : Provided Abu Talib agrees.
Ibne Hasham : Lets try this also. (They and their followers come to Abu Talib).
Abu Talib : Why have you come now?
Abu Laheb : (in anger) You have still not understood?
Abu Sufian : Why don’t you give us Mohammad?
Ibne Hasham: Or stop him from preaching Islam if you wish him well?
Abu Talib : I do value your friendship, but at the same time how can I give my child to you. Please
tell me in the name of justice how will I bear this separation?
Abu Sufian : Then do one thing.
Abu Talib : What is it?
Abu Sufian : We know that you will not part with your beloved son till the last breath of your life,
therefore we will give you Ammerath Bin Waleed in exchange. You know he is
handsome, brave, and also a poet, like whom there is none in the whole of Arabia. Take
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him and give us Mohammad.
Shaiba : You will be given all the rights of parenthood.
Aas Bin Walid : Yes Ameerath will belong to you for ever and in his exchange give us Mohammad who
is spoiling the
religion of our ancestors and is causing rift in our community.
Ibne Hasham : You will have to agree to this.
Atba : We have already warned you once, but you have not heeded our advice and did not stop
him. Therefore it is in your interest now to hand him over to us.
Crowd : Yes this should be done.
Abu Talib : O tyrants! You are giving me painful suggestions. It will be a cruel decision. What you
want is that I should love and feed your child, and give my own beloved son so that you
may torture him and seek revenge from him. No this will not happen in my life. Not even
till the Day of Judgement, never.
Mutam Ibn Adi: Your people had offered a fair proposal to you, to relieve you of this tension, but it
appears that the love of your child does not allow you to listen to any reasoning.
Abu Talib : This is not a good offer, it is tyranny, you have already isolated me and my family from the
entire
community and now you want me to part with my own child. I don’t care for you I am not
afraid of you.
Do as you like.
Abu Laheb : All right we shall see.
Abu Sufian : (as all get up) He will soon realize.
Returning disappointed the Quraish decided to ostracize the entire clan of Bani Hashim. Mansoor Bin
Akrama prepared a document under which no Arab would deal, or have any relations or transactions
with the Hashmis. Leaders of all the clans and groups of Mecca signed this undertaking, which was
hung on the doors of Kaaba. The lives of Hashmis became so miserable that Abu Talib (A.S.) taking his
entire clan left Mecca and took refuge in a mountain pass known as Shobe Abi Talib. This pass was the
property of Banu Hashim. But the Quraish were not content with this sufferings of Banu Hashim. They
blocked all the supply routes to the pass, so that Abu Talib (A.S.) and his family may die of hunger and
starvation. Young children including the Prophet (S.A.W)’s daughter Fatema (S.A.) had to live off tree
leaves for their survival. Sometimes the cries of hungry children would be heard outside the pass by
the travellers.
Nobody except the relatives of Khadija helped them and supplied them food grains and water secretly.
Abu Bakr and Umar who had embraced Islam by then and were calling themselves the friend of the
Prophet (S.A.W) never cared to supply any food to the Prophet (S.A.W) and his family though there was
no restriction on them and they were freely moving about.
Though Abu Talib (A.S.) had left Mecca to avoid any confrontation and was living a quiet life in the
mountain pass the demand for Mohammad (S.A.W) still continued. But Abu Talib (A.S.) not only refused
to hand over his nephew Mohammad (S.A.W) to them but also allowed him to continue his preachings.
He and his son Ali (A.S.) were always with Mohammad (S.A.W), wherever he went [Tabari Vol 12 page
215]. Abu Talib (A.S.) was so concerned about the safety of his nephew that he made him sleep on his
own bed and shifted him to other beds when Mohammad (S.A.W) fell asleep. Ali (A.S.) was generally
made to sleep on the bed the Prophet (S.A.W) vacated. But the Prophet (S.A.W)s zeal for preaching
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Islam was so great that during the Hajj period he used to come out of the pass to speak about Islam to
the pilgrims. During such dangerous moments Ali (A.S.) accompanied him as a brother, as a friend and
as a bodyguard. Like a shadow he moved with the Prophet (S.A.W) wherever the Prophet (S.A.W) went.