Day: March 15, 2024

The fifth year after the Migration

The Expedition (Ghazwah) of Dūmah al-Jandal, a city that is a distance of five nights from Damascus, occurred when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard that a group in Dūmah al-Jandal were terrorising those who would pass by them and that they were heading towards Medina to oppress its inhabitants; so he ﷺ set out towards it [Dūmah]. When they heard of his ﷺ departure, they dispersed, and so the Prophet ﷺ returned to Medina safely.

The Expedition (Ghazwah) of Dhāt al-Riqā’, according to one opinion, occurred [in this year]. According to an opinion, it was so-called because the [Muslim] army suffered cracks in their feet, and so they wrapped around them pieces of cloth [riqā’], and it has been said [that it was called that] because they patched their clothes. It took place between the Muslims and the Ghaṭafān [tribe], towards Najd; however, no fighting ensued.

The Expedition (Ghazwah) of the Confederates (Aḥzāb) happened after the Prophet ﷺ banished the tribe of Naḍīr, and Huyayy ibn Akhtṭab” began to covertly instigate the Quraysh to alblaunch an offensive against the Prophet ﷺ, and so the Quraysh agreed. Hazrat Salman suggested that a trench be dug; during the digging, miracles and magnificent, extraordinary phenomena occurred.”2 The masses of the Confederates advanced and besieged the Muslims and the situation became dire, with the weak fighters and hypocrites in disarray; regarding that, He Most High revealed, ‘When it came from above you and from beneath you, and when your eyes rolled [in fear] and your hearts reached your throats…’ [Qur’an 33: 10]. A group amongst the disbelievers plunged into a gap in the trench, as ‘Ali ibn Abī Ṭālib and a group of Muslims confronted and repelled them. Allah sent down upon them [the Confederates] a severe cold in the morning wind, and so they were shaken and totally collapsed and miserably defeated.

The expedition against Banī Qurayzah¹³ transpired when Bani Qurayzah [of Medina] resolved to breach the treaty [they had with the Muslims] and joined the polytheists on the Day of the Confederates. When he ﷺ got up on the morning after the night the Confederates departed, and it reached noon, he ﷺ took off his armour and had a bath; it was then that suddenly Jibril came to him, shaking off the dust from his head, and said, ‘You have laid down your armour? By Allah, we have not laid it down; go after them.’ So he replied, ‘Where?’ Then, Jibril pointed towards Banī  Qurayzah, so the Messenger of Allah’s  ﷺherald announced, “Let no one perform the mid-afternoon prayer (‘asr) except in Bani Qurayzah.’ So he ﷺ besieged them, whereupon they agreed to allow Sa’d ibn Mu’adh to rule upon them [for their act]. Sa’d was ill, but he still judged [the case and ruled] that the men be killed, the wealth be distributed and the women and children to be taken as prisoners, upon which he said, ‘You have indeed ruled upon them according to Allah’s judgement,’ and so that judgement was enforced.

Shortly [after making his ruling in the case of Banī Qurayzah], Sa’d ibn Mu’adh died, which resulted in the throne of the All- Merciful trembling.

The Expedition (Ghazwah) of Muraysī took place, which has also been called the expedition against Bani Musṭțaliq. The reason behind it was that the Prophet ﷺ heard that Bani Musṭaliq were preparing to wage war against him; so he ﷺ came out and confronted
them at a well called al-Muraysi’, where they were miserably defeated by Allah.

The following occurred during this latter expedition:

114 1. the chapter on the hypocrites (Surah al-Munafiqūn) was revealed due to a conflict that occurred between the Migrants (al-Muhajirūn) and the Supporters (al-Anṣār), in which ‘Abd-Allāh ibn Ubayy said disparaging and unwarranted things about the Muslims;¹¹4

2. the verse regarding dry ablution (tayammum) was revealed. The reason behind it was that one of Lady ‘A’ishah’s necklaces got lost, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his Companions went about searching for it, and because they did not have any water with them, the verse of the dry ablution was revealed; Usayd ibn Huḍayr, who was one of the supervisors, said, ‘This is not the first of your blessings, O family of Abu Bakr’;

3. he ﷺ honoured Juwayriyah, the daughter of al-Ḥārith, the commander and chief of the enemy army, when she was captured [by the Muslim army]; he ﷺ assisted her in buying herself out and then married her, so she became one of the Mothers of the Believers;

4. and the slander [against Lady Ã’ishah] after she lagged behind the army in search of her necklace that she had dropped there, so she stayed in her place until Safwän ibn al-Mu’aṭṭal al-Sulami, who [also] had stayed behind the army, came; when he ﷺ arrived in Medina, the hypocrites, led by ‘Abd-Allāh ibn Ubayy ibn Salūl, began to slander her. Her innocence was revealed in ten verses of the Qur’an,beginning from His Most High’s words, ‘Verily, those who have spread the slander are a group amongst you’ [Qur’an 24: 11].

He ﷺ married Zaynab bint Jaḥsh.”

The verse regarding the veil [ḥijāb] was revealed: ‘O Prophet, tell your wives, your daughters, and the womenfolk of the believing men to draw their outer garments over themselves’ [Qur’an 33:59].


111 He was the chief of Bani Naḍir and the father of Safiyyah, who was later to become the Prophet’sﷺ  wife in the Expedition of Khaybar after she was taken captive and set free by the Prophet ﷺ. Huyayy knew of the Prophet ﷺ being true, yet refused to submit to him due to pride and enmity.

112 These events include when the entire Muslim army became satiated from hunger with a handful of dates and with a single lamb; there was also the incident when the Prophet ﷺ struck a boulder with a pickaxe after the Companions were unable to break it previously. When a third of it cracked, he said, ‘Allah is the greatest! I have been given the keys to Shām; by Allah, I can see their red palaces at this very moment.’ Then he struck it again, and another third of it split open, whereupon he said, ‘Allah is the greatest! I have been given the keys to Persia; by Allah, I can see the white palace of al-Mada’in now.’ Then he struck it a third time and said, ‘In the name of Allah,’ and he broke the rest of the boulder, and he said, ‘Allah is the greatest! I have been given the keys to Yemen; by Allah, I can see the gates of San’ä’ from my place right now.’

113 Bani Qurayzah were one of the three major groups of Jews in Medina; the other two were Bani Qaynuqā’ and Banî Naḍīr.

The dying behest of  Hazrat Abu Talib

Before his death in 618 A:D. Abu Talib called all the members of the Hashimites together and left the follow- behest:-

“O thou people of Quraish! Thou art the chosen race of God and the best in the world. In my dying behest I will ask you to be kind and well disposed to- wards Muhammad ﷺ because he ﷺ is “Amin” (trustee) from amongst the Quraish and “Sadiq” (the truthful) from amongst the whole population of the Arabian peninsula. He ﷺ has in his person all those things which compel me to leave a will in his favour. He ﷺ has tidings to reveal which your heart accepts although for fear your lips do not respond to confirm the call of your heart. I find that the half-barbarians of the Arabian desert, in contrast to you, respond to his call and obey his ﷺ orders and verily these are the people who will be exalted in this world and the hereafter. Mark me when I say that your chiefs will be dishonoured and stiff-necked though they now are, they will soon be humbled. I see the entire country has sincerity and enthusiasm for his message and the people have widened their heart to receive that love. In short they are will- ing to follow and obey him. O thou Quraish! It is high time that you should befriend him, support him and follow him in the path that he treads. I swear by God that only those desist to follow him ﷺ who are not destined to reform, and only those will follow in his footsteps who are destined to be great, pious and noble. If there is some respite or delay in my death and I survive a few more days I will support his cause. As far as lies within my power I will protect him fiom the evils (of the enemy).” (Rousa-tu’s-Sufa). With this dying speech Hazrat Abu Talib passed away at
the age of eighty. Nabi Pakﷺ grief knew no bounds. The death of his foster-father, the man who had stood by him from his childhood, who had supported him against the conspiracies of the Meccans and who had been in all things his patron and loving friend, left him alone in the world, Khadija, having died shortly before the venerable old man. It is generally believed that the loss of his patron was one of the main reasons for the Holy Prophet’s decision to migrate to Medina. Certainly he was so bereft and grief-stricken that he named the year of Abu Talib’s death “Am-al-Huzn” or “year of mourning.”

Hazrat Muhammad ﷺ and Ali AlaihisSalam

During Hazrat Abu Talib’s lifetime Muhammad ﷺ had shown his gratitude in many ways. One of these ways had been to accompany his uncle on his long and arduous commercial trips; another had been his adoption of Ali AlaihisSalam. Muhammad ﷺ volunteered to look after Ali AlaihisSalam when he was only five years old. Hazrat Abu Talib gratefully agreeing told Ali to obey Muhammad ﷺ in all things and to stick by him through thick and thin. The way in which Ali carried out that behest became the story of his life.

Ali’s childhood

Little is known of the details of Ali’s childhood other than that he was brought up in the Holy Prophet’s household but it is reasonable to infer that it was this environment which moulded him on the Islamic pattern and developed to the full the mental faculties which later made him famous. Here in the home of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Khadija-both of whom were virtue personified-the boy learned the value of fidelity and chastity, here began his enthusiasm for the re- formation of mankind, and here in the closest intimacy with the Holy Prophet ﷺ came the inspiration to a selfless life in the cause of Islam.

Confirmation in Faith

In 614 A.D., four years after his divine call, Muhammad ﷺ took to preaching Islam openly and one day as- cended the mountain of Safa and covened an assembly of men for the propagation of the faith. The meeting was greeted by scorn and ridicule from the pagans of Mecca. Undeterred, Muhammad ﷺ proceeded to attempt the conversion of at least his own family for it was at this critical juncture that he received the divine revela- tion, “Wa Anzir ashiratakal aqrabin” (And warn your nearest relatives). “Thus resolving” “says Edward Gibbon,” to impart to his family the light of Divine truth, he prepared a banquet, a lamb, as it is said, and a bowl of milk for the entertainment of forty guests of the family of Hashim.” Friends and kinsmen “said Muhammad to the assembly,” I offer you, and I alone can offer, the most precious of gifts, the treasure of this world and that of the world to come. God has com- manded me to call you to his service. Who among you will support my burden? Who among you will be my companion and my vizier ?” No answer was re- turned, till the silence of astonishment, and doubt, and contempt, was at length broken by the impatient courage of Ali, a youth in the ten or eleven  year of his

1. Edward Gibbon-The Decline and fall of the Roman Empire, Vol. III -London Fredrick Warne & Co., p. 498-99.

age. “O Prophet ﷺ, I am the man. Whosoever rises against thee, I will dash out his teeth, tear out his eyes, break his legs, rip up his belly. O Prophet! I will be thy vizier over them.”

The Prophet ﷺ ordered Ali to sit down. Again he put the question to the assemblage. All remained silent but Ali rose for a second time to repeat his fidelity and was again ordered to sit down. When the Prophet repeated the same question to the congregation the third time he got no response. Ali again stood up and repeat- ed his fidelity on which the Holy Prophet ﷺ remarked “You are my brother, my collateral and are what Aaron was to Moses.”

Thomas Carlyle’ refers to this incident thus:- ‘Amid the doubt and silence of all, Ali as yet a lad of ten or eleven, impatient of the silence, started up and exclaimed in passionate and fierce language, That he would! The assembly among whom was Abu Talib, Ali’s father, could not be unfriendly to Muhammad, yet the sight there, of one  elderly man, with a lad of sixteen deciding on such an enterprise against all mankind, appeared ridiculous to them; the assembly broke up in laughter. Nevertheless it proved not a laughable thing; it was a very serious thing! As for this young Ali one cannot but like him. A noble minded creature, as he shows himself now and always after- wards, full of affection, of fiery daring. Something chivalrous in him; brave as a lion, yet with a grace, a truth and affection worthy of Christian knighthood.” Ali’s boyish declaration was, in later years, to be honoured many times.

1. Thomas Carlyle Heroes and Hero-worship. Publisher Oxford Uni- versity Press. Edition 1958. p. 77.

आपकी सायाए मादरी से महरूमी

आपकी उमर जब 6 साल की हुई तो सायाए मादरी से महरूम हो गये। आपकी वालेदा जनाबे आमना बिन्ते वहब हज़रत अब्दुल्लाह की कब्र की ज़्यारत के लिये मदीना गईं थीं वहां उन्होंने एक महीना क़याम किया जब वापिस आने लगीं तो मुक़ाम अबवा (जो कि मदीने से 22 मील दूर मक्का की जानिब वाक़े है) इन्तेक़ाल फ़रमा गईं और वहीं दफ़न हुईं। आपकी खादेमा उम्मे ऐमन आपको मक्का ले आईं। (रौज़तुल अहबाब जिल्द 1 पृष्ठ 67 ) जब आपकी उम्र 8 साल की हुई तो आपको दादा अब्दुल मुत्तलिब का 120 साल की उम्र में इन्तेक़ाल हो गया। अब्दुल मुत्तलिब की वफ़ात के बाद आपके बड़े चचा जनाबे अबू तालिब और आपकी चची जनाबे फातेमा बिन्ते असद ने फ़राएज़े तरबियत अन्जाम दिये और इस शान से तरबियत की कि दुनिया ने आपकी हमदर्दी और ख़ुलूस का लौहा मान लिया। हज़रत अब्दुल मुत्तलिब के बाद हज़रत अबु तालिब भी ख़ाना ए काबा के मुहाफ़िज़ और मुतवल्ली और सरदारे कुरैश थे। हज़रत अली (अ.स.) फ़रमाते हैं कि कोई अरब इस शान का सरदार नहीं हुआ जिस शानों शौकत की सरदारी मेरे पदरे मोहतरम को ख़ुदा ने दी थी। (याकूबी जिल्द 2 पृष्ठ 11)

हज़रत अबु तालिब (अ.स.) को हज़रत अब्दुल मुत्तलिब की वसीयत व हिदायत

बाज़ मुवर्रेख़ीन ने लिखा है कि जब हज़रत अब्दुल मुत्तलिब का वक़्ते वफ़ात क़रीब पहुँचा तो उन्होंने आं हज़रत ( स.व.व.अ.) को अपने सीने से लगाया और सख़्त गिरया किया और अपने फ़रज़न्द अबु तालिब की तरफ़ मुतावज्जे हो कर फ़रमाया कि, ऐ अबू तालिब यह तेरे हक़ीकी भाई का बेटा है इस दुरे यगाना की हिफ़ज़त करना, इसे अपना नूरे नज़र और लख़्ते जिगर समझना, इसकी सुरक्षा में कोई कमी न रखना, अपने हाथ, ज़बान औन जान व माल से इसकी मदद करते रहना । ( रौज़तुल अहबाब )

हज़रत अबु तालिब (अ.स.) के तिजारती सफ़रे शाम में आं हज़रत ( स.व.व.अ.) की हमराही और बहीरा राहिब का वाक़या

हज़रत अबू तालिब जो तिजारती सफ़र में अक्सर जाया करते थे जब एक दिन रवाना होने लगे तो आं हज़रत को जिनकी उम्र उस वक़्त बा रवायते तबरी व इब्नेअसीर 9 साल और ब रवायते अबुल फ़िदा व इब्ने खल्दून 13 साल की थी, अपने बाल बच्चों में छोड़ दिया और चाहा कि रवाना हो जायें। यह देख कर आं हज़रत (स.व.व.अ.) ने इसरार किया कि मुझे अपने साथ लेते चलिये, आपने यह ख्याल करते हुये कि मेरा भतीजा यतीम है उन्हें अपने साथ ले लिया और चलते चलते जब शहरे बसरा के क़रयए कफ़र पहुँचे जो के शाम की सरहद पर 6 मील के फ़ासले पर वाक़े है जो उस वक़्त बहुत बड़ी मन्डी थी और वहां नस्तूरी ईसाई रहते थे। वहां एक नस्तूरी राहिबों के माअबद के पास क़याम किया। राहिबों ने आं हज़रत ( स.व.व.अ.) और अबू तालिब (अ.स.) की बड़ी ख़ातिर दारी की फिर उनमें से एक ने जिसका नाम जरजीस और कुन्नियत अबू अदास और लक़ब बहीरा राहिब था आपके चेहरा ए मुबारक से आसारे अज़मतों जलालत और आला दर्जे के कमालाते अक़ली और महामदे इख़लाक़ नुमायां देख कर और इन सिफ़ात से मौसूफ़ पा कर जो उसने तौरैत और इन्जील और दूसरी आसमानी किताबों में पढ़ी थी पहचान लिया कि यही पैग़म्बरे आख़ेज़ ज़मान हैं। अभी उसने इज़हारे ख़्याल न किया था कि एक दम बादल को हुज़ूर पर साया करते हुए देखा, फिर शाना खुलवा कर मोहरे नबूवत को देखा उसके बाद फ़ौरन मोहरे नबूवत का बोसा ( चूमना ) लिया और नबूवत की तसदीक़ कर के अबु तालिब से कहा कि इस फ़रज़न्दे अरजूमन्द का दीन तमाम अरब व अजम में फैलेगा और यह दुनिया के

बहुत बड़े हिस्से का मालिक बन जायेगा। यह अपने मुल्क को आज़ाद कराऐगाऔर अपने अहले वतन को नजात दिलायेगा । ऐ अबू तालिब इसकी बड़ी हिफ़ज़त करना और इसको दुश्मनों के अत्याचार से बचाने की पूरी कोशिश करना, देखो कहीं ऐसा न हो कि यह यहूदियों के हाथ लग जाए। फिर उसने कहा कि मेरी राय यह है कि तुम शाम न जाओ और अपना माल यहीं बेच कर के मक्का वापस चले जाओ चुनाचे अबु तालिब ने अपना माल बाहर निकाला वह हज़रत की बरकत से आन्न फ़ानन बहुत ज़्यादा नफ़े पर फ़रोख़्त हो गया और अबू तालिब मक्का वापस चले गये। (रौज़तुल अहबाब जिल्द 1 पृष्ठ 71, तन्क़ीदुल कलाम पृष्ठ 30, एयर दंग पृष्ठ 24, तफ़रीउल अज़किया वग़ैरा )

आं हज़रत ( स.व.व.अ.) का मक्के को रूमीयों के इक्तेदार से बचाना

जस्टिस अमीर अली बा हवाला तारीख़ कासन डी0 परसून लिखते हैं कि हुनूज़ का काबा दोबारा तामीर न हो चुका था कि आपने मक्के मोअज़्ज़मा को इस ख़ुफ़िया साज़िश से बचा लिया जो उसकी आजादी को मिटाने के लिये की गई थी जिसमें उस्मान बिन हरीर को बड़ा दख़ल था। उसने कुसतुनतुनया के दयारे के दयारे क़ैसरी में जाकर दीने मसीही क़ुबूल कर लिया था और क़ैसरे रूम से मालो ज़र ले कर हिजाज़ वापस आया था। उसकी कोशिश थी कि मक्के पर यूनानियों का इक़्तेदार क़ायम करा दे। वह ख़ुफ़िया कोशिशें कर रहा था लेकिन उसका राज़ खुल गया और उसकी वजह यह थी कि आं हज़रत ने उसका मक़सद अपने ज़राये से मालूम कर लिया था। आखिर में वह हुज़ूर की कोशिशों से नाकामयाब हो गया। अहले फ़िरंग (यूरोपियन) इस बात को मानते हैं कि पैग़म्बरे इस्लाम ने अपने मौलद व मसकन को कुसतुनतुनया के बादशाहों के क़ब्ज़े से बचा कर मुसलमानों पर बड़ा एहसान किया है जिसकी वजह से वह अब्दी शुक्र गुज़ारी के मुस्तहक़ हैं । यही कुछ इब्ने खल्दून ने भी लिखा है।

(तन्कीदुल कलाम पृष्ठ 33 )

*Farmane Mustufa ﷺ :- Fatima Par Mere Maa Baap Qurban*

Hazrat Abdullah Ibn Umar Razi Allahu Tala Anhu Se Riwayat Hai Jab Bhi Nabi e Kareem ﷺ Safar Ke Liye Nikalte To Apne Ahal Me Sabse Aakhir Apni Beti Sayyeda Fatima Salamullah Alaiha Se Milte Jab Wapis Aate To Sabse Pehle Sayyeda Fatima Se Milte Aur Farmate *Aye Fatima Meri Maa Aur Mere Walid Tum Par Qurban Ho.*

📚 *Reference* 📚
*1.* Mustadrak Al Hakim, Jild 3, Safa 170, Hadees No 4740.
*2.* Imaam Ibn Hibban, As Sahih Jild 2, Pg 470, 471, Hadees 696.